Fundamentals Of Flight Flashcards
Acceleration
Change of speed or velocity of matter with time
Define motion
movement
Speed
Distance in an allotted amount of time
Velocity
Speed in a given time and direction
Newton’s First Law
Inertia
An object at rest will remain at rest
object in motion will continue in motion until acted upon by an outside force
Bernoulli’s principle
fluid flowing through a tube reaches a constriction or narrowing of the tube, the speed of the fluid passing through the constriction is increased and its pressure decreased
Lift
Force that acts in an upward direction
Weight
Force of gravity acting downward on the aircraft
Drag
Force that holds the aircraft back
Thrust
Force developed by the aircraft’s engine
Acts in the forward direction
Aircraft axis
- Longitudinal axis. An imaginary reference line running down the center of the aircraft between the nose and tail.
- Lateral axis. An imaginary reference line running parallel to the wings.
- Vertical axis. An imaginary reference line running from the top to the bottom of the aircraft.
Ailerons
Roll
Elevators
Pitch
Rudder
Yaw
The cyclic stick
Roll/pitch
Tilts the plane (angle) of the rotor blades forward, aft or sideways, giving the helicopter its directional motion by changing the direction of the lift; from vertical to a varying degree based on a 0° centerline.
Tail rotor
Yaw
This component counteracts torque of the main rotor by increasing or decreasing the amount of horizontal thrust the tail rotor produces, this movement is around the vertical axis
Angle of attack
The angle at which the airfoil or fuselage meets a flow of air. Defined as the angle between the chord line of the wing (an imaginary straight line from the leading edge to the trailing edge of the wing) and the relative wind. The relative wind is the direction of the air stream in relationship to the wing. Angle of attack is measured in “units” as opposed to degrees.
Autorotation
A method of allowing a helicopter to land safely from altitude without using engine power. As a helicopter is descending in altitude the collective is lowered allowing the reverse airflow through the rotor to maintain RPM. When the helicopter reaches a predetermined altitude the collective pitch is increased to convert inertial energy into lift to reduce the rate of descent and cushion the landing.
Hydraulic system
PUMP ACTUATING UNIT RESERVOIR TUBING SELECTOR VALVE
Landing gear main components
Shock strut Tires Wheel brake Retracting and extending mechanism Side struts and supports
