First Aid Flashcards
What are the four main ways of controlling bleeding?
direct pressure, elevation, pressure points, and use of a tourniquet as a last resort.
What are the three objectives of first aid?
To prevent further injury, infection, and the loss of life.
What is a pressure point?
where a main artery lies near the skin surface and over a bone
How many pressure points are there?
22
Where are the pressure points?
Temple, jaw, neck, collarbone, inner upper arm, inner elbow, wrist, upper thigh, groin, knee, ankle
Third degree burn
Destroys tissue, skin and bone in severe cases, however severe pain may be absent due to nerve endings being destroyed.
What are the two types of fractures?
“closed/simple” or “open/compound”; closed/simple is a broken bone without a break in the skin, whereas open/compound has a break in the skin with possible bone protrusion.
What is electric shock?
when a person comes into contact with an electric energy source shock occurs
What is heat exhaustion?
serious disturbance of blood flow to the brain, heart and lungs
What is heat stroke?
breakdown of the sweating mechanism
What is hypothermia?
general cooling of the whole body caused by exposure to low or rapidly falling temperature, cold moisture, snow or ice
What is deep frostbite?
ice crystals are forming in the deeper tissues after exposure to a temperature of 32 degrees or lower
What is superficial frostbite?
when ice crystals are forming in the upper skin layers after exposure to a temperature of 32 degrees or lower.
What is shock?
life-threatening medical condition whereby the body suffers from insufficient blood flow throughout the body as a result of severe injury or illness
Septic shock
Results from bacteria multiplying in the blood and releasing toxins
