Fundamentals of Dental Materials Science

Question 1

what are the constantly used dental material?

Answer 1

amalgam, impression materials, acrylic resin, composite resin, gypsum, alloys

Question 2

what are the different material types?

Answer 2

restorative, impression, dentures, metals and alloys

Question 3

what influences cavity design?

Answer 3

material chosen

Question 4

what is needed for composite resin to bind to the tooth?

Answer 4

acid etch technique

Question 5

what does resin-modified glass isomer cement bind to?

Answer 5

enamel

Question 6

what does resin-modified glass isomer cement do?

Answer 6

releases fluoride and increases enamel resistance to developing caries

Question 7

what happens if restorative material does no contract/expand as the tooth does?

Answer 7

microleakage occurs

Question 8

what does viscosity mean?

Answer 8

ability to flow

Question 9

what is a low viscosity impression material good for?

Answer 9

most accurate record of tooth surface detail

Question 10

what is a high viscosity impression material good for?

Answer 10

most dimensionally stable after setting and removing

Question 11

how are impressions taken using a high viscosity material?

Answer 11

material placed in tray e.g. polyether, addition silicon and tray is inserted for patient to bite into

Question 12

how are impressions taken using a low viscosity material?

Answer 12

low viscosity material placed around individual teeth and then the initial impression tray is inserted

Question 13

what does it mean if a material is elastic?

Answer 13

full recovery of shape

Question 14

what does it mean if a material is non-elastic?

Answer 14

permanent deformation

Question 15

what is gypsum?

Answer 15

dental stone

Question 16

what is a negative replica?

Answer 16

the impression in the tray

Question 17

what is a positive replica?

Answer 17

the dental stone cast

Question 18

what is transverse strength - 3 point loading?

Answer 18

how well does an acrylic upper denture cope with forces that cause deflection

Question 19

what are the uses of metal alloys?

Answer 19

partial denture frameworks, orthodontic wires, denture bases

Question 20

what does it mean if something is rigid?

Answer 20

there is little change in shape when large stress is applied

Question 21

what are the properties of dental materials?

Answer 21

mechanical, thermal, flow, miscellaneous

Question 22

what are the mechanical properties of dental material?

Answer 22

strength, rigidity, hardness, abrasion resistance

Question 23

what are the thermal properties of dental materials?

Answer 23

expansion coefficient, conduction

Question 24

what are the flow properties of dental materials?

Answer 24

viscosity, visco-elasticity

Question 25

what are the miscellaneous properties of dental materials?

Answer 25

creep

Question 26

what does viscosity mean?

Answer 26

the ability to flow

Question 27

what does elasticity mean?

Answer 27

ability of material to return to its original shape on removal from mouth using an applied force

Question 28

what is rigidity?

Answer 28

measure of how much force is needed to cause a temporary change in shape of material

Question 29

what is compressive strength?

Answer 29

ability to withstand applied compressive force without fracturing

Question 30

what is hardness?

Answer 30

ability to withstand indentation and the resistance to abrasion

Question 31

what is creep?

Answer 31

change in shape due to repetitive application of small forces