Fundamental Vocabulary I Flashcards

Vocabulary due Nov 22nd

1
Q

Yama

A

Universal moral commandments.

Patanjali’s five yamas: non-violence, truth, non-stealing, continence, and non-coveting

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2
Q

Niyama

A

Self-purification by discipline. The second stage of yoga mentioned by Patanjali.

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3
Q

Asana

A

Posture. The third stage of yoga mentioned by Patanjali.

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4
Q

Pranayama

A

Rhythmic control of breath. Fourth stage of yoga mentioned by Patanjali.

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5
Q

Pratyahara

A

Withdrawal and emancipation of the mind from the domination of the senses and exterior objects. Fifth stage of yoga mentioned by Patanjali.

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6
Q

Dharana

A

Concentration or complete attention. Sixth stage of yoga mentioned by Patanjali.

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7
Q

Dhyana

A

Meditation. Seventh stage of yoga mentioned by Patanjali.

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8
Q

Samadhi

A

A state in which the aspirant is one with the object of his meditation, the Supreme Spirit pervading the universe, where there is a feeling of unutterable joy and peace.

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9
Q

Three gunas

A

Qualities, ingredients or constituents of nature: Sattva (goodness, purity), Rajas (mobility, activity), and Tamas (darkness, ignorance).

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10
Q

Aum

A

All. Conveys “omniscience”, “omnipresence” and “omnipotence”.

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11
Q

Yoga

A

Union, communion. Derived from the root “yuj” meaning to join, to yoke, to concentrate one’s attention on. The union of our will to the will of God, a poise of the soul which enables one to look evenly at life in all its aspects. The chief aim of yoga is to teach the means by which the human soul may be completely united with the Supreme Spirit pervading the universe and thus secure absolution.

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12
Q

Guru

A

Spiritual preceptor, one who illumines the darkness of spiritual doubt.

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13
Q

Chakra

A

Literally, a wheel or circle. Energy (prana) is said to flow in the human body through three main channels (nadis), namely, Susumna, Pingala and Ida. Susumna is situated inside the spinal column. Pingala and Ida start respectively from the right and left nostrils, move up to the crown of the head and course downwards to the base of the spine.

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14
Q

Prakriti

A

Nature, the original source of the material world, consisting of three qualities: sattva, rajas, and tamas.

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15
Q

Purusha

A

the “Self” which pervades the universe. In the Rigveda, a primeval giant that was sacrificed by the gods and from whose body the world and the people were built.

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16
Q

Samskara

A

Mental impression of the past.

17
Q

Samsara

A

The repeating cycle of birth, life, death and rebirth.