Fundamental Of Pharmaceutical Calculations Flashcards
area of study that applies the basic principles of mathematics to the preparation and safe and effective use of pharmaceuticals.
Pharmaceutical Calculations
Portions of a whole, expressed at 1/3, 7/8 and so forth.
Common Fractions
When common fractions appear in calculation, what is best thing to do?
Convert to decimal fractions
Fraction with a denominator of 10 or any power of 10 and is expressed decimally rather than as a common fraction.
Decimal Fraction
1/10 is also expressed as?
0.10
its corresponding sign, %, mean “in a hundred.”
Percent
How is common fractions converted to percent?
by multiplying it to 100
How is decimal fractions converted to percent?
Multiplying it to 100
The relative magnitude of two quantities.
Ratio
When two ratios are equal in value
they are equivalent
expression of the equality of two ratios
Proportion
What are three standard forms of proportion written as?
- a : b = c : d
- a : b :: c : d
- a/b = c/d
Outer members
Extremes
Middle Members
Means
method is a useful tool in solving many pharmaceutical
calculation problems.
Ratio-and-proportion
What is dimentional analysis also known as?
Factor Analysis
Factor-Label Method
Unit-Factor Method
involves the logical sequencing and placement of a series of
ratios (termed factors) into an equation
Dimentional Analysis
An alternative method to ratio and proportion in solving pharmaceutical
calculation problems.
Dimensional Analysis
consecutive figures that express the value of a denominate number accurately enough for a given purpose.
Significant Figues
Is digit other than zero significant?
Yes
Is a zero between digits significant?
Yes
Is zeros used to show location of decimal significant?
No
What is International System of Units (SI) formerly known as?
Metric System
What are base units of SI?
Meter (length)
Kilogram (weigth)
Liter (Volume)
Primary unit of weight in the SI is?
Gram
Move the decimal point to the _____ = Larger to Smaller
Units
Right
Move the decimal point to the left = _______ to ______
Units
Smaller to Larger
What method is used to Reduce SI units to lower or higher denominations?
Ratio and Proportion or Dimensional Analysis
Widely used in the US in measuring body
weight and in selling goods by the ounce or pound.
Avoirdupois
Once the predominant pharmacist’s
system of volumetric and weight measure.
Apothecaries System
1 inch
2.54 cm
1 meter
39.37 in
1 fl.oz
29.57 mL
1 pint
473 mL
1 quart
946 mL
1 gallon US
3785 mL
1 gallon UK
4545 mL
1 lb
454 g
1 ounce
28.35 g
1 kg
2.2 lb
What are lab materials used in measurement of volume?
Burettes
Graduated Cylinder
Pipet
Syringe
What are the lab materials used in the measurement of weight
Torbal Torsion Balance
Ohaus Electronic Balance
defined as the maximum potential error multiplied
by 100 and divided by the desired.
Percentage of Error
Formula of Percentage of Error
Percentage of Error = Error x 100%/ Quantity Desired
