Fundamental motor skills

Question 1

What is a fundamental motor skill?

Answer 1

Movements that have specific observable patterns

Question 2

What are the 4 stages of development in Piaget’s stages of intellectual development? (include ages)

Answer 2

1. Sensorimotor (0-2)
2. Preoperational stage (2-6/7)
3. Concrete operational (7-11/12)
4. Formal operational (11-12+)

Question 3

When does the understanding of abstract concepts fully develop?

Answer 3

Continues developing until early 20s

Question 4

At what age does walking develop?

Answer 4

4-5 years

Question 5

What are the 3 main types of fundamental motor skills?

Answer 5

1. locomotor skills
2. object manipulation
3. stability

Question 6

At what age does hopping develop?

Answer 6

4 years

Question 7

At what age does overarm throwing develop?

Answer 7

6 years

Question 8

At what age does kicking develop?

Answer 8

> 9 years

Question 9

What affects the development of the FMS of striking?

Answer 9

Related to the development of visual perception

Question 10

What are the phases of the self-regulation cycle?

Answer 10

1. Forethought
2. Performance
3. Self-reflection

Question 11

What are the main development characteristics in the sensorimotor stage?

Answer 11

Coordination of sensation and movement

- base interaction with the environment

Question 12

What are the main development characteristics in the preoperational stage?

Answer 12

Egocentric thinking: difficulty understanding others perspectives

• using imagination
• symbolism and analogies

Question 13

What are the main development characteristics in the concrete operational stage?

Answer 13

logical thinking

- learn cause and effect

Question 14

What are the main development characteristics in the formal operational stage?

Answer 14

Abstract thinking

Question 15

Is attention learned or developed?

Answer 15

Changes are more closely tied to learning rather than development

Question 16

What is the developmental sequence for selective attention? (Ross, 1976)

Answer 16

1. Over-exclusion; ignoring information (5-6 yrs)
2. Over-inclusion; over-stimulation from information (6-12 yrs)
3. Selective attention (12+)

Question 17

How does Ross’s developmental sequence for selective attention relate to domain specific development of selective attention after 12 years of age? [effect on perceptual motor performance]

Answer 17

Perceptual motor performance is going to decline. This can lead to the inability to complete skills which affect participation in these skills.

Question 18

Why do children have slower reaction time than adults (4)?

Answer 18

Possibly due to;

1. Slower perception
2. Slower decision making (executive function)
3. Slower movement
4. Lack of attention

Question 19

Why is sensory motor development, especially visual development, important to motor development?

Answer 19

The development of static visual acuity, dynamical visual acuity, visuomotor coordination, depth perception and figure ground perception has an impact on key abilities in terms of perception and cognition. Important for the design of learning environments for children.