Fundamental Definitions

Question 1

Chemistry is the study of matter and its properties, the changes that matter
undergoes, and the energy associated with those changes.

Answer 1

read

Question 2

Chemistry is the study of * , the * that matter

undergoes, and the * associated with those changes.

Answer 2

matter and its properties, changes, energy

Question 3

Define substance

Answer 3

A substance is a type of matter that has a defined, fixed composition

Question 4

These are characteristics that give each substance its unique identity

Answer 4

properties

Question 5

Melting point, electrical conductivity, density

Answer 5

physical property

Question 6

A physical change occurs when a substance

alters its * , not its *.

Answer 6

physical properties, composition

Question 7

Physical properties are characteristics a substance shows by itself, without *
into or * with another substance.

Answer 7

changing, interacting

Question 8

Chemical properties are characteristics a substance shows as it * with another substance (or substances).

Answer 8

changes into or

interacts

Question 9

flammability, corrosiveness, and reactivity with acids.

Answer 9

Chemical properties

Question 10

A chemical change, also called a

chemical reaction, occurs when a substance (or substances) is *

Answer 10

converted into a different

substance (or substances).

Question 11

A * has a fixed shape that does not conform to the container shape. Solids are not
defined by rigidity or hardness: solid iron is rigid and hard, but solid lead is flexible,
and solid wax is soft.

Answer 11

solid

Question 12

A * has a varying shape that conforms to the container shape, but only to the
extent of the liquid’s volume; that is, a liquid has an upper surface.

Answer 12

liquid

Question 13

A * also has a varying shape that conforms to the container shape, but it fills the
entire container and, thus, does not have a surface.

Answer 13

gas

Question 14

In a solid, the particles lie next to each other in a regular, *

Answer 14

three-dimensional array.

Question 15

a * change caused by heating can generally be

reversed by cooling.

Answer 15

physical

Question 16

heating iron in moist air causes a chemical reaction that yields the brown, crumbly
substance known as rust. Cooling does not reverse this change; rather, another * (or series of them) is required.

Answer 16

chemical

change

Question 17

The * an object possesses is the sum of its potential energy and its
kinetic energy.

Answer 17

total energy

Question 18

1 in = ___ cm

Answer 18

2.54

Question 19

SI Units
mass = 
length = 
time = 
temperature = 
electric current = 
amount of substance = 
luminous intensity =

Answer 19

kilograms (kg)
meters (m)
seconds (s)
Kelvin (K)
Ampere  (A)
mole (mol)
candela (cd)

Question 20

H-2

Answer 20

deuterium

Question 21

H-3

Answer 21

Tritium