Fundamental Aspects of Evolution, overall

Question 1

Define Macroevolution

Answer 1

the evolution of species from a common ancestor

Question 2

what is stasis/equilibrium

Answer 2

they dont change much overtime

Question 3

what is lineage splitting (speciation)

Answer 3

patterns of speciation and times can be identified by studying phylogeny

Question 4

what is cladogenesis

Answer 4

evolutionary event where parent species splits into DISTINCT species

Question 5

clade

Answer 5

life form group consisting of a common ancestor and its descendants

Question 6

what is anagenesis

Answer 6

it is when ancestral species gradually accumulates changes that eventually form a new distinct species and is a new form

Question 7

Account for possible reasons for cladogenesis

Answer 7

1. Adaptive radiation resulting in burst of divulgence to give rise to many species from common ancestor
2. Patterns of evolution originate from cladogensis and filling up different ecological niches

Question 8

define extinction

Answer 8

frequent rare event within a lineage of an organism

Question 9

what is punctuated equilibrium

Answer 9

refers to the speed at which evolution takes place and is not gradual

Question 10

events associated with punctuated equilibrium

Answer 10

• volcanic eruption

- environmental changes

Question 11

define gradualism

Answer 11

species evolve gradually by small changes over long periods of time

Question 12

account for gradualism

Answer 12

species evolve gradually by small changes over long periods of time