Functionalist

Question 1

What is the main perspective of Functionalism regarding the family?

Answer 1

The family is a universal institution with essential functions for society and its members.

This perspective emphasizes the role of family in maintaining social order and stability.

Question 2

List the four functions of the family according to Murdock.

Answer 2

• Satisfaction of sex drive
• Reproduction of next generation
• Socialisation of young (e.g., norms/values)
• Member’s economic needs (e.g., food)

Murdock argued that these functions are crucial for the stability of society.

Question 3

What criticism is mentioned regarding Functionalism’s view of the family?

Answer 3

It neglects conflict and diversity, presenting a rose-tinted harmonious consensus view.

This criticism points out that Functionalism may overlook issues like inequality and differing family structures.

Question 4

What did Parsons argue about family structure in relation to society?

Answer 4

Parsons stated that the extended family was typical of pre-industrial society, while the nuclear family emerged in modern industrial society due to different societal needs.

These needs included geographical and social mobility.

Question 5

According to Young & Willmott (1973), what change occurred in family structure due to industrialization?

Answer 5

The pre-industrial family became nuclear, leading to the rise of a mother-centered working-class family.

This change indicates a shift in family dynamics and responsibilities.

Question 6

What are the essential functions of the family that Parsons identified?

Answer 6

• Primary socialisation of children
• Stabilisation of adult personalities

Parsons believed these functions were vital for individual and societal well-being.

Question 7

True or False: Parsons believed that as society industrializes, the family loses functions.

Answer 7

True

This view suggests that the role of the family changes with societal development.