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NMED 291 - Clinical Procedures 2 > Functional Renal > Flashcards

Functional Renal Flashcards

1
Q

Typical rate for GFR

A

125 ml/min

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2
Q

first step in urine formation

A

glomerular filtration

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3
Q

water and solutes are filtered into the capsule due to

A

hydrostatic pressure

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4
Q

where does tubular reabsorption occur?

A

PCT

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5
Q

nutrients, ions, majority of the water is reabsorbed back into the blood by … throughout…

A

passive and active mechanisms
through PCT, loop of Henle and DCT

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6
Q

which process is an active one?

A

tubular secretion

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7
Q

capacity of bladder

A

700-800ml

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8
Q

where do we find the functional or parenchymal tissue in the kidney?

A

medulla

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9
Q

blood back to filtrate

A

tubular secretion

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10
Q

filtrate back to blood

A

tubular reabsorption

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11
Q

functional RPs

A

MAG3, DTPA

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12
Q

morphological RPs

A

DMSA, Gluco

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13
Q

tubular secreted agent

A

MAG3

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14
Q

glomerular filtrated agent

A

DTPA

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15
Q

agent that has the higher protein binding

A

MAG3

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16
Q

why does MAG3 have high T:NT?

A

can’t diffuse into extravascular spaces

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17
Q

agent of choice for obstruction cases or highly impaired renal functions

A

MAG3

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18
Q

agent used for ERPF

A

MAG3

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19
Q

mag3 first pass extraction = %?
dtpa first pass extraction = %?

A

mag3 = 50%
dtpa = 20%

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20
Q

70% dose excreted in urine at 30mins

A

mag3

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21
Q

50% of dose excreted in urine at 2hrs

A

dtpa

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22
Q

agent used for GFR

A

dtpa

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23
Q

indication for functional renal scans

A
  • for baseline or followup of kidney differential function and PERFUSION
  • trauma, failure
  • eval transplant (rejection, urine leak, atn)
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24
Q

patient prep for functional renal scans

A
  • well hydrated
  • void before imaging
25
Q

what is the minimum amount of water a patient needs to have?

A

300-500ml

26
Q

kidneys are found in the ___ FOV

A

top of the FOV

27
Q

method of admin

A

IV bolus

28
Q

dose of RP

A

90-370 MBq

29
Q

2 sequential phasing
phase 1

A

renal perfusion (flow)

30
Q

2 sequential phasing
phase 2

A

function (dynamic)

31
Q

relative time frame for imaging

A

flow = 2 mins
dynamic = 25-30 mins
post-void static = 2.5 mins

32
Q

renogram

A

TAC that shows perfusion uptake and excretion of RP in each kidney

33
Q

aorta ROI

A

assesses perfusion and quality of bolus

34
Q

dynamic function renogram has 3 phases

A
  1. blood flow
  2. cortical function
  3. clearance
35
Q

peak activity in healthy, hydrated patient

A

3-5 min post injection

36
Q

bladder is seen by ..

A

4-8 mins

37
Q

blood flow aka

A

perfusion, vascular

38
Q

cortical function aka

A

cortical uptake, parenchymal, tubular concentration, secretory

39
Q

clearance aka

A

excretion, collecting system

40
Q

time to peak

A

by 5 mins
(typically, 3-5 min)

41
Q

20 min/max count ratio

A

ratio <0.35

42
Q

what is the 20min/max count ratio measuring?

A

residual cortical activity based on counts at 20 mins to max counts
= transit time in kidney

43
Q

differential cortical retention

A

difference <20%

44
Q

T1/2 excretion

A

<20 mins
(typically, 8-12 mins)

45
Q

what does T1/2 represent?

A

time for half the peak activity to be cleared from the kidney

46
Q

what is differential cortical retention?

A

% retained in each kidney at 15 or 20 mins

47
Q

differential renal function

A

each kidney 45-55%

48
Q

what is differential renal function

A

comparing activity in each kidney at 2-3 mins DTPA
or 1.5-2.5 mins MAG3

49
Q

which kidney is slightly lower than the other?

A

right

50
Q

renal calyces and pelvis usually begin filling by

A

3 mins

51
Q

blood flow to kidneys is normally seen within ____ of ab. aorta visualization

A

2-5 secs

52
Q

activity visualized in renal parenchyma by

A

1-5 mins

53
Q

if a patient was dehydrated, what would we see on the renogram?

A

elevation of excretion slope

54
Q

increased liver/spleen activity can indicate…

A

renal failure

55
Q

allograft

A

transplant from same species

56
Q

normal results for renal transplant
flow:

A

RP bolus to get to transplant at almost the exact time seen in the iliac vessels

57
Q

normal results for renal transplant
function:

A

max uptake 3-5 min
bladder by 4-8 min
prompt peak and rapid clearance

58
Q

normal results for renal transplant
function:

A

function:

NMED 291 - Clinical Procedures 2 (11 decks)

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