Intermolecular Forces

Question 1

Dispersion

Answer 1

Weakest, temporary, larger molecules = stronger forces

Question 2

Dipole-dipole

Answer 2

Between polar molecules, permanent

Question 3

Hydrogen bonding

Answer 3

Strongest, permanent, between polar molecules, O/F/N

Question 4

Functional groups which are dispersion forces

Answer 4

Alkanes, alkenes, alkynes

Question 5

FG with dipole-dipole

Answer 5

Aldehydes, ketones, esters, amine/amide

Question 6

FG with hydrogen bonding

Answer 6

Alcohol, carboxylic acid, amine/amide

Question 7

Effect of branching on BP

Answer 7

The branching restricts ability to form bonds. straight chain has greater surface area and is why is has increased MP

Question 8

Solubility

Answer 8

• Like dissolves like (miscible)
• highly polar dissolves more, non-polar are hydrophobic

Question 9

increasing solubility in water of FG

Answer 9

hydrocarbon -> halo -> aldehydes, ketones -> alcohol -> carboxylic

Question 10

stronger IMF’s cause…

Answer 10

decreased solubility in organic solvents, volatility
increased BP, MP, solubility in water

Question 11

increasing volatility of FG

Answer 11

hydrocarbon -> aldehydes, ketones -> haloalkane -> alcohol -> carboxylic