Functional Diversity

Question 1

Principle of Allocation

Answer 1

Each individual has a finite amount of resources to spend on necessary life processes

Question 2

Zero sum game

Answer 2

Increase in investment to one process must be balanced by reduction an another

Question 3

What are the life processes organisms need

Answer 3

Obtaining food, escaping predators, reproduction, growth

Question 4

Trade offs

Answer 4

Investment in one resource, lost of investment in another resource

Question 5

What do plants gain from root mutualism

Answer 5

Increased ability to absorb nutrients from soil

Question 6

What do mychorrihzal and rhizobia gain from plants

Answer 6

Glucose exchange

Question 7

Mychorrhizal

Answer 7

Fungi that interacts with the roots of plants

Question 8

Rhizobia

Answer 8

Bacteria that interacts with roots of plants

Question 9

C3 Pathway

Answer 9

• used by 85% of all plants
• beneficial in wet environments/high CO2 concentrations
• lose a lot of water
• most energy efficient
• CO2 uptake and glucose production occurs in mesophyll cells
• trees

Question 10

C4 Pathway

Answer 10

• CO2 uptake/glucose production separated in leaf space
• more water efficient
• less energy efficient
• beneficial in hot environments/low CO2 concentration
• grass

Question 11

CAM Pathway

Answer 11

• processes separated by night/day
• the most water efficient
• more energy required
• dry environments
• grow slower because of night days cycle
• cacti

Question 12

Liebig’a Law of Minimum

Answer 12

The resource with minimum availability will determine the plants growth

Question 13

What happens when you increase a plants limiting resource

Answer 13

There will be higher plant growth

Question 14

Root : Shoot ratio

Answer 14

• increase in below ground growth increases ratio
• increase in above ground growth decreases ratio

Question 15

Why would a plant invest more energy in above or below ground

Answer 15

The plant invest where resources are more needed, limited

Question 16

Optimal Foraging Theory

Answer 16

Maximizing the energy benefit:cost ratio of feeding decisions

Question 17

Fundamental niche

Answer 17

Abiotic conditions in which a species can survive and reproduce
(Temp, salinity, etc.)

Question 18

Realized Niche

Answer 18

Biotic conditions in which a species can survive and reproduce
(Species interactions)

Question 19

Zone of stress

Answer 19

Species can survive but experience physiological stress

Question 20

Zone of intolerance

Answer 20

Species cannot tolerate, will not survive

Question 21

Acclimation

Answer 21

Individual organisms experience change in phenotype
-reversible and occurs rapidly

Question 22

Adaptation

Answer 22

Population experiences change in genotype
- slow, across generations, natural selection

Question 23

Thermoregulation

Answer 23

Managing body temp.

Question 24

Endothermic

Answer 24

Animals that rely on metabolic processes to maintain body temp
- energetically expensive

Question 25

Ectothermic

Answer 25

Animals that rely on surrounding environment to maintain temp - less energetic, more dangerous

Question 26

Predation probability

Answer 26

- Predators/herbivores have adaptation to increase probability - prey/plants have adaptations to decrease probability

Question 27

Life cycle processes

Answer 27

Growth, development, reproduction, death

Question 28

Semelparity

Answer 28

Species that invest all resources into one reproductive event, then die

Question 29

Iteroparous

Answer 29

Species that reproduce multiple times before death

Question 30

What are some traits of semelparities?

Answer 30

- more offspring but smaller - harsh unpredictable environments - more chances to survive

Question 31

What are some traits of Iteroparous

Answer 31

- a few offspring, larger in size - stable predictable environments - higher chance of surviving to adulthood