Functional Assessment Flashcards
Kyphosis-Lordosis Imbalances
Shortened: Hip Flexors, Lumbar extensors, Anterior chest/shoulders, Latissimus dorsi, Neck extensors
Lengthened: Hip extensors, external obliques, Upper back extensors, Scapular stabilizers, Neck Flexors
Flat Back Posture Imbalances
Shortened: Rectus Abdominis, Upper-back extensors, Neck Extensors, Ankle Plantar Flexors
Lengthened: Lliacus/psoas major, Internal Obliques, Lumbar Extensors, Neck Flexors
Sway Back Posture Imbalances
Shortened: Hamstrings, Upper fibers of posterior obliques, Lumbar extensors, Neck Extensors.
Lengthened: Lliacus/psoas major, Rectus Femoris, External Oblique, Upper-back Extensors, Neck Flexors
What is the difference between lordotic and kyphotic curves?
Lordotic- Anterior curve
Kyphotic- Posterior Curve
What if a client gets a cramp but says they can go on while you are in the middle of a test assessment
STOP
During the administration of any exercise test involving exertion, trainers must always be aware of identifiable signs or symptoms that merit immediate test termination and possible referral to a qualified healthcare professional. These symptoms include:
Onset of angina, chest pain, or angina-like symptomsSignificant drop ( >10 mmHg) in systolic blood pressure (SBP) despite an increase in exercise intensityExcessive rise in blood pressure (BP): SBP >250 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) >115 mmHgExcess fatigue, shortness of breath, or wheezing (does not include heavy breathing due to intense exercise)Signs of poor perfusion: lightheadedness, pallor (pale skin), cyanosis (bluish coloration, especially around the mouth), nausea, or cold and clammy skinIncreased nervous system symptoms (e.g., ataxia, dizziness, confusion, syncope)Leg cramping or claudicationSubject requests to stopPhysical or verbal manifestations of severe fatigueFailure of testing equipment
Which of the following is NOT one of three sites used when performing skinfold measurements on a male client?
Triceps
For men, the three skinfold sites are the chest, thigh, and abdomen. The triceps, thigh, and suprailium are the three skinfold sites for women.
What is obese?
In males, a body-fat percentage of 25% or higher is considered obese.
Which of these assessments measures a client’s muscular endurance?
The push-up test measures upper-body endurance, specifically of the pectoralis muscles, triceps, and anterior deltoids. Due to common variations in upper-body strength between men and women, women should be assessed while performing a modified push-up
What is the waist-to-hip ratio threshold at which a female client’s health is considered at risk?
A female client’s health is considered at risk when her WHR is above 0.86. For men, that threshold is above 0.95.
How can a personal trainer accurately estimate VO2max?
Calculate Heart Rate
Research demonstrates that as workload increases, so do heart rate and oxygen uptake. In fact, heart rate and oxygen uptake exhibit a fairly linear relationship to workload. This relationship allows the personal trainer to accurately estimate VO2max from the heart-rate response to exercise with fairly good accuracy.
If an activity requires a functional capacity of 6 METs, what is the total oxygen consumption of someone performing that activity?
1 MET is equal to 3.5 mL/kg/min, so 6 METs = 6 x 3.5 mL/kg/min = 21 mL/kg/min
Which of the following types of physiological assessment is contraindicated for a client with asthma?
Ventilatory threshold test
This type of testing is not recommended for:
Individuals with certain breathing problems [asthma or other chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)]Individuals prone to panic/anxiety attacks, as the labored breathing may create discomfort or precipitate an attackThose recovering from a recent respiratory infection
You are performing the YMCA submaximal Step Test on a 40 year old, apparently healthy, female client who you have been working with for the past 4 weeks. After completing the 3-minute assessment you immediately have the client sit down and measure her heart rate for 1 minute. Her post exercise heart rate is recorded as 96 beats per minute. How would you classify this client’s cardiorespiratory endurance?
Based on the data presented in Table 8-17, a woman between the ages of 36 and 45 who has a post-exercise heart rate of 96 beats per minute would be classified as having “Good” cardiorespiratory endurance. Lower heart rates following the test correlate with higher cardiorespiratory endurance (for both men and women). Conversely, higher heart rates suggest lower levels of cardiorespiratory endurance.
A male client who weighs 190 pounds has a one-repetition maximum of 225 pounds on the bench press exercise. His relative strength for this exercise is __________.
1.18
Relative strength is the maximum force a person is able to exert in relation to his or her body weight and is calculated using the formula: Relative strength = Absolute strength/Body weight, where Absolute strength is defined as the one-repetition maximum. In this case, Relative strength = 225 pounds/190 pounds = 1.18
A competitive soccer player, whose sport requires an ability to accelerate, decelerate, change direction, and then accelerate again, is interested in completing an assessment to serve as a baseline against which he can measure future improvements. Which test will BEST measure these sports skills?
Pro agility test
The pro agility test quickly and simply measures an individual’s ability to accelerate, decelerate, change direction, and then accelerate again. In fact, the National Football League and USA Women’s Soccer Team use this assessment as part of their battery of tests.
