Function Flashcards
Vitamin A
skin & vision
stored in liver
Vitamin D
Ca & P metabolism
cholesterol precursor
Vitamin E
antioxidant
resists hemolysis of RBC
Vitamin K
forms prothrombin in liver
aids in blood clotting
calcium metabolism
Vitamin B1 [Thiamin]
oxidation of CHO
metabolism of pyruvate
lost as temp/pH rises
Vitamin B2 [Riboflavin]
energy release from protein
red cell production
lost in UV light
Vitamin B3 [Niacin]
metabolism of CHO, PRO, fat
essential for energy production & metabolism
Vitamin B9 [Folate]
DNA synthesis
forms RBC in bone marrow
prevents neural tube defects
zinc-dependent
Vitamin B6 [Pyridoxine]
coenzyme in AA metabolism (deamination/transamination)
Vitamin B12 [Cyanocobalamin]
coenzyme in protein synthesis
forms RBC
bound by intrinsic factor in gastric juice
Vitamin B5 [Pantothenic Acid]
coenzyme A
energy synthesis of fatty acids
Vitamin C [Ascorbic Acid]
strengthens intracellular substances
wound healing
aids iron absorption
most easily destroyed
antioxidant
destroyed by heat/alkaline pH/oxidation
Vitamin B7 [Biotin]
coenzyme in fatty acid synthesis
converts pyruvate to oxaloacetate (gluconeogenesis)
Calcium
blood clotting
cardiac function
nerve transmission
smooth muscle contractility
regulated by parathyroid hormone
Phosphorus
tissue and cell growth/maintenance/repair
bones and teeth
part of DNA/RNA/ATP
Iron
oxygen transport
part of hemoglobin
Magnesium
protein and fatty acid synthesis
stabilizes ATP structure
part of chlorophyll
Zinc
increases taste acuity
enhances insulin action
stabilizes DNA/RNA
cell division
Iodine
produce thyroid hormones
metabolism/growth/development
Fluoride
inhibits teeth decay
stimulates bone formation
Copper
hemoglobin synthesis
aids in iron absorption
ceruloplasmin
Selenium
antioxidant
tissue respiration
Manganese
central nervous system
blood clotting
metabolism
energy production
Chromium
aids insulin action
glucose metabolism
Cobalt
maturation of RBC
stored in liver
Sulfur
build/repair DNA
part of cysteine/methionine
Choline
transports lipids
component of lecithin