Fuels And Heats Of Reaction Flashcards
Hydrocarbon
Compound that contains only carbon and hydrogen
Saturated compound
Only single carbon bonds
Unsaturated compound
Contains at least one carbon-carbon double or triple bond
Structural isomers
Compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formulae
Aliphatic
An organic compound that consists of straight chains of carbon atoms and closed chain compounds with similar properties
Aromatic
An organic compound that contains a benzene ring structure
Octane number
Measure if the tendency of a fuel to resist knocking
Catalytic cracking
The breaking down of long chain hydrocarbon molecules into short chain molecules by heat and catalysts
Auto-ignition
The early explosion of a petrol-air mixture caused by increasing pressure in the engine
Exothermic reaction
A reaction that produces heat
Negative delta h
Endothermic reaction
A reaction that takes in heat
Positive delta h
Heat of reaction
Heat change involved when the numbers of moles of reactants indicated in the balanced equation for the reaction to react completely
Heat of combustion
The heat change involved when one mole of a substance is completely burned in excess oxygen
Kilogram calorific value
The heat energy produced when one kg of fuel is completely burned in oxygen
Bond energy
The energy required to break one mole of covalent bonds and to separate the neutral atoms completely from each other
Heat of neutralisation
The heat change involved when one mole of H+ ions from an acid reacts with one mole of OH- from a base forming one mole of H2O
Heat of formation
The heat energy involved when one mole of a compound in its standard state is formed from its elements in their standard states
Hess’s law
If a chemical reaction takes place in a number of stages, the sum of the heat changes in the separate stages is equal to the heat change if the reaction is carried out in one stage
Law of conservation of energy
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, but can be changed from one form of energy to another
