fuels and energy from fuels Flashcards
fossil fuel
a natural fuel that is formed in the earth from plant or animal remains
coal
combustible fossil fuel formed from partial decay of plant matter
petrodiesel
liquid hydrocarbon fossil fuel obtained from crude oil
greenhouse gas
process of warming the earths lower atmosphere due to the increase emmissions of gases in the air
fuel
a substance that burns in air or oxygen to produce a useable amount of energy
fossil fuel examples
methane, CSG, liquid petroleum gas, diesel, petrodiesel
biofuel examples
biodiesel, bioethanol, biogas
safety implication of fuels
because fuels have low BP low flashpoint and high flammability then easily combust - must ensure it is a well ventilated area, safety equipment including extinguisher and fire blankets , away from naked flames
bonding and properties
structure - bonding intermolecular- properties -uses
- properties take into account of size of molecule and type in intermolecular bonds - increase size increase dispersion forces
flashpoint
temperature at which a particular organic compound gives off sufficient vapour to ignite in air - smaller hydrocarbons have weaker interm. bonds and have lower flashpoints and are more flammable
flammability
a flammable liquid is any liquid with a flashpoint below 37.8 celsius - ignite and burn easily at lower temps - vaporisation rate increases as temp increases
renewable fuels
they are fuels which can be replenished at a similar rate to which they are consumed - often involves breakdown of plant and animal materials
-can be grown quickly and harnessed as fuel
-eg - biogas biodiesel and bioethanol
non renewable fuels
fueal that are not replenished and used at similar rates –> finite / limited
-eg - methane , fossil fuels etc.
renewable energy sources
produced faster than used
- eg solar energy , hydro electricity, tidal and wave power, wind turbines , biofuels etc.
non renewable energy sources
those used up faster than they are produced
- eg nuclear energy stores and fossil fuels