Fuels

Question 1

What is fractional distillation and how does it work?

Answer 1

Crude oil is a mixture of different sized hydrocarbons .
They have different boiling points, at different temperature they condense so at the top of the tube the shortest chains condense as it is the coolest and therefore they can condense. This is a way of separating hydrocarbons

Question 2

What is a hydrocarbon?

Answer 2

A chain made of hydrogen and carbon only

Question 3

What is saturated?

Answer 3

A hydrocarbon without a double bond

Question 4

Describe the danger of incomplete combustion

Answer 4

Incomplete combustion is when there is not enough oxygen to fully burn the hydrocarbon it produces carbon monoxide and soot, carbon monoxide binds to heamoglobin and restricts the amount of oxygen that can be transported.

Question 5

Describe the advantages of biofuels

Answer 5

They are renewable however take up room that good be used to grow crops which may cause 3rd world countries to starve .

Question 6

Why is cracking useful?

Answer 6

Long chain hydrocarbons are broken down to smaller chain hydrocarbons. It is useful to match demand of differing hydrocarbons for example bitumen is not high demand and can be cracked to petrolwhich is more useful

Question 7

What is a polymer

Answer 7

A large molecule made of many smaller chain ones. The smaller ones are called monomers.

Question 8

Describe uses of 
Poly(ethene)
Poly(propene)
Poly(chloroethene)
PTFE

Answer 8

Flexible and cheap good for plastic bags
Flexible and strong good for plastic buckets and crates
Tough cheap and long lasting, used for window frames
Tough non stick used for non stick cooking equipment

Question 9

What is the problem with polymers

Answer 9

They are non bio degrade able