Fuels

Question 1

list fossil fuels (non-renewable)

Answer 1

• Crude oil:
  1. Diesal (Petrodiesal)
  2. Petrol
• Coal
• Natural gas

Question 2

List Bio fuels (renewable)

Answer 2

• Biogas
• Bioethanol
• Biodiesel
  1. these are carbon nuetral due to photosynthesis

Question 3

Photosynthesis/cellular respiration

Answer 3

Photosynthesis:
- 6CO2 +6H20 → C6H12O6 + 6O2
- ΔH > 0 (endothermic)

Cellular respiration:
- C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 +6H20
- ΔH < 0 (exothermic)

Question 4

Biogas vs Natural gas

Answer 4

Natural gas:
- predomantly CH4
- coal seam gas, gotten through fracking

Biogas:
- CH4 and CO2
- breaking down organic matter/waste containing anaerobic bacteria

Question 5

Bioethanol

Answer 5

• through the fermantation of glucose
• C6H12O6 (aq) → 2C6H6O (aq) + 2CO2 (g)
• However, product is aqueous which needs to be distilled

Key points/how its done:
1. Carbohydrates are pulped (glucose)
2. Enzymes are added to hydrolyse (water)

Question 6

Biodiesel

Answer 6

• They are methyl esters
• Formed through the transesterfication of triglyceride

Key points/how its done:
1. Triglyceride (vegetable oil, glycerole and three fatty acids)
2. reacted with an alcohol normally methanol or ethanol
3. Catalyst (KOH): this causes impurities
4. Alcohol legit detaches the fatty acids from the glycerole and attaches itself to them, THUS NO WATER IS INVOLVED