Equilibrium

Question 1

Dynamic equilibrium

Answer 1

• Dynamic equilibrium emphasizes that while the reaction is at equilibrium reverse and forward reactions still occurr simultaneously
• Homogenous equilibirum, reaction occurs in the same stater
• Heterogenous equilibrium, reactions occur in different states
  1. Equilibrium never changes unless temprature changes

Question 2

Reaction quotient

Answer 2

• calculated by using that same formula
• If Quotient is larger than equilibrium constant, reaction will shift to the left
• If Quotient is smaller the reaction will shift to the right

Question 3

Equilibrium law

Answer 3

Reaction is reversed- go 1/(K values)
Reaction coefficients are doubled- (K value)^2
Reaction coefficients are halved- sqrt(K value)
Two reactions added together- Multiply k values

Question 4

Graphs

Answer 4

1. Concentration time graph
   - Equilibrium is reached when there is no change in concentration
2. Rate time graphs
   - Equilibium is reached when the rate of the forward and reverse reaction are the same

Question 5

ICEE tables

Answer 5

I- initial in mols
C- Change in mols
E- Equilibrium in mols
E- convert mol into concentration

Question 6

Le Chatelier’s principle

Answer 6

LCP- If an equilibrium system is subject to change, the system will adjusts itself to partially oppose it

• Inert gas does not effect equalibrium
• Catalyst does not effect equilibrium

Changes that effect equilibrium:
- Removing and adding products/reactants
- Changing presure through, changing volume
- Changing temp
- Adding water/diluting

Question 7

Graphing concentration time graph

Answer 7

Changing volume:
- all lines instanously go down or up
- the reaction is partially opposed to do the oposite
- Look at mol infront of each one, cos thats how much it gets changed

Removing product/reactant:
- The one you add/remove instantously changes
- then just do the partially opposed one

Changing temp:
- no instanous change, as nothing is being removed or added,

Question 8

Rate time graph

Answer 8

Changing volume:
- if volume is increased rate of reaction decreases, if volume is halfed rate increases

Removing/adding product/reactant:
- adding, the rate of the one you add increase
- removing, the rate of the one you remove decreases

Changing temp:
- Increase temp, everything instanously increases, but the one that is favoured decreases less
- Decrease temp, everything instanously decreases, but the one that is favoured decreases more