Fruits And Seeds

Question 1

Fruit def

Answer 1

Ripened ovary of single flower or whole inflorescence due to fertilization

Question 2

Fruit function

Answer 2

Protects and nourishes seed

Question 3

What is the fruit made of

Answer 3

Pericarp
Seed

Question 4

Pericarp def and structure

Answer 4

Covering of ovary
Exocarp/epicarp
Mesocarp
Endocarp

Question 5

Seed def

Answer 5

Ovule development

Question 6

Umbelliferous fruits def

Answer 6

Schizocarpic fruits (cremocarps)

Question 7

Schizocarpic def

Answer 7

are the dry fruits which upon maturing with divide into single-seeded indehiscent parts known as mericarps.

Question 8

Structure of umbelliferous fruits

Answer 8

Has cremocarps that split longitudinally into two one seeded mericarps attached to carphphore

Apex is crowned with conical structure named stylopod

Question 9

What is the mericarp in umbelliferous fruits characterized by

Answer 9

Flat surface
Rounded surface
Surface of each maricaro has five 1ry ridges and six 2ry ridges

Question 10

Where are the 1ry ridges in the mericarp

Answer 10

They’re over vascular bundles

Question 11

Where are the 2ry ridges in the mericarp

Answer 11

Over the vittae

Question 12

What is under each 1ry ridge

Answer 12

Biocollateral vascular bundle

Question 13

What is under each 2ry ridge

Answer 13

Schizogenous duct (vitta)

Question 14

Seed of the umbelliferous mericarp

Answer 14

Endospermic (albuminous)
Derived from anatropous ovule
Endosperm is oily
Embryo is small and apical

Question 15

Examples of umbelliferous fruits

Answer 15

Fennel

Question 16

Fennel origin and family

Answer 16

Dried ripe fruits of the foeniculum vulgare
Umbelliferae (apiaceae)

Question 17

AC of fennel

Answer 17

Volatile oils:
Anethole
Fenchone
Fixed oil
Vitamins a and c

Question 18

Uses of fennels

Answer 18

Flavour
Carminative
Mild expectorant
Lactogouge

Question 19

What is fennel contraindicated for and why

Answer 19

Pregnancy because it’s uterine stimulant

Question 20

Cremocarp of fennel

Answer 20

Mericarp bifid stylopod

Question 21

Mericarp of fennel

Answer 21

Straight or slightly curved showing five prominent 1RY ridges

Question 22

Taste of fennel

Answer 22

Aromatic and sweet

Question 23

Transverse section of fennel fruit cremocarp contains what

Answer 23

• Epicarp: straight-walled cells, smooth cuticle, anomocytic stomata.
• Mesocarp: reticulated parenchyma, 6 vittae, 5 vascular bundles.
•Endocarp: typical parquetry arrangement.

Question 24

Seed def

Answer 24

Matured fertilized ovule

Question 25

What is the seed enclosed in

Answer 25

Seed coat

Question 26

Seed structure

Answer 26

Seed coat
Embryo
Good supply

Question 27

Origin and family of fenugreek

Answer 27

Dried ripe seeds of trigonella foenum-graecum

Fabaceae

Question 28

Taste of fenugreek

Answer 28

Mucilaginous oily and bitter

Question 29

Type of seed is fenugreek

Answer 29

Albuminous seed with the presence of endosperm

Question 30

Ac of fenugreek

Answer 30

Mucilage
Protein
Fixed oil
Alkaloids
Volatile constituents

Question 31

Mucilage percentage and where is it found in fenugreek

Answer 31

28%
Stratified layers in the endosperm

Question 32

Alkaloids found in fenugreek

Answer 32

Choline
Trigonelline

Question 33

Volatile constituents in fenugreek

Answer 33

Furanone (stolone)

Question 34

Use of fenugreek

Answer 34

Uses
1- used as a laxative (mucilage).
2- reduce cholesterol level (saponins increase biliary cholesterol excretion).
3- The seeds are used as nutritive, spice and preservative.
4- Hypoglaecenue effect

Question 35

Contraindications of fenugreek

Answer 35

Hypoglycemic therapy
Oxytocic and uterine stimulant and should be used with caution in pregnancy