Fruit and Fruit Preparation

Question 1

What is the botanical perspective of fruits?

Answer 1

produced from flowers; ripened ovaries and adjacent tissues

Question 2

What are the simple fleshy fruits (1O:1F)?

Answer 2

citrus fruits, drupes, bomes

Question 3

What are drupes?

Answer 3

stone or pit such as peaches and plums

Question 4

What are pomes?

Answer 4

cores such as apples and pears

Question 5

What are aggregate fruits (MO:1F)?

Answer 5

raspberries, strawberries, and blackberries

Question 6

What are multiple fruits (1O:MF)?

Answer 6

pineapple and figs

Question 7

What are the different ways you can purchase fruits?

Answer 7

fresh, dried, canned, and frozed

Question 8

How are the fruits packed in the canned fruits?

Answer 8

packed in heavy or light syrup or packed in fruit juice

Question 9

How can a fruit be sold frozen without getting soggy after being unfrozed?

Answer 9

goes through a process called individually quick frozen (IQF) that prevents this from happening

Question 10

In dried fruits, what is the water content reduced to?

Answer 10

less than 30%, or 15-18%, or 2.5-5% (vacuum-drying)

Question 11

What are the methods to dry fruit?

Answer 11

sun-dried, artificial heat, vacuum-drying, and freeze-drying

Question 12

T/F: vitamin C is retained in citrus juices

Answer 12

true

Question 13

What is added to apple juice to make it clear?

Answer 13

pectinase

Question 14

how much fruit does the U.S. dietary guidelines recommend?

Answer 14

2 cups daily

Question 15

What are the top popular fruits?

Answer 15

oranges, apples, grapes, and bananas

Question 16

What mediates enzymatic oxidative browning in fruits?

Answer 16

polyphenol oxidase (PPO)

Question 17

how can we prevent browning from happening in fruits?

Answer 17

acid pH, reduce O contact, heat (blanching)

Question 18

What are examples of climacteric fruit?

Answer 18

apples, avocados, bananas, pears, tomatoes

Question 19

What are examples of nonclimacteric fruit?

Answer 19

grapes, pineapple, strawberries, citrus fruits

Question 20

What is ethylene gas?

Answer 20

a ripening hormone

Question 21

What is the difference between climacteric fruit and non-climacteric fruit?

Answer 21

climacteric has respiration rising at beginning of ripening and non-climacteric has no rise. climacteric also ripens with ethylene and non-climacteric does not

Question 22

When selecting a fruit what should you take into account?

Answer 22

external appearance, proper stage of ripeness, color, freedom from insect damage, absence of bruises/skin punctures/decay

Question 23

What fruits should you not refrigerate?

Answer 23

bananas and fruits that must be ripened first

Question 24

What are different methods to extend storage of fruits?

Answer 24

controlled atmosphere storage (CA), modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) and irradiation

Question 25

What is irradiation?

Answer 25

slow ripening and delay senescence, reduce spoilage organisms

Question 26

What are the different cooking methods of fruits?

Answer 26

dried fruit, baking, glazing, broiling, sauteing