frontotemporal dementias

Question 1

what is the main issue with FTD?

Answer 1

behavior

Question 2

is onset of FTD earlier or later compared to other dementias?

Answer 2

earlier (typically 40’s)

Question 3

what is semantic dementia?

Answer 3

word retrieval

Question 4

What does PPA stand for?

Answer 4

primary progressive aphasia

Question 5

What is the main issue with PPA?

Answer 5

language

Question 6

Are the deficits sudden or gradual with PPA?

Answer 6

gradual

Question 7

What is PPA misdiagnosed for?

Answer 7

aphasia

Question 8

Are more men or women reported with PPA?

Answer 8

men

Question 9

what is the average age of onset for PPA?

Answer 9

60’s

Question 10

Family history (parent or sibling) of ____ has been reported in patients with PPA

Answer 10

dementia

Question 11

The average time frame of isolated impairments for PPA is ___ years.

Answer 11

5

but can range for 1.5-20

Question 12

At least half of PPA patients will develop more _____ type symptoms.

Answer 12

aphasic

Question 13

What is Frontotemporal dementia?

Answer 13

arophy of the frontal and temporal lobes

Question 14

Do FTD patients have plaques, tangles, and brain decay?

Answer 14

no

Question 15

FTD occurs between ages ___-___.

Answer 15

35-75

rarely after the age of 75

Question 16

Who is more affected by FTD, male or females?

Answer 16

equal

Question 17

Does FTD show a genetic component?

Answer 17

~30% of cases

Question 18

• Insidious onset and gradual progression

Answer 18

FTD

Question 19

Early decline in social/interpersonal conduct

Answer 19

ftd

Question 20

Early impairment in personal conduct

Answer 20

ftd

Question 21

Early loss of insight• Early emotional blunting

Answer 21

ftd

Question 22

additional features presented with FTD are:
behavior
speech and language and physical signs.

Answer 22

hygiene
speech mutism
akinesis, tremors

Question 23

Loss of awareness and social functioning
Disinhibition and lack of judgment
Mental rigidity and inflexibility

Answer 23

FTD

Question 24

Changes in daily living (diet, hygiene, etc.)

Distractibility, impulsivity

Answer 24

FTD

Question 25

Depression, anxiety, and apathy are affected symptoms of ??

Answer 25

FTD

Question 26

Is echolalia a speech disorder associated with FTD?

Answer 26

yes | also: perservation and late mutism

Question 27

FTD patients have relatively spared ____ and _____ abilities

Answer 27

praxis | spatial

Question 28

``` Neuropsychological deficits in FTD patients include? Attention Abstract thinking _________ ____ _____ _________ ```

Answer 28

organization mental flexibility planning

Question 29

Hypochondria, bizarre somatic complaints | may be symptoms associated with FTD. t/f

Answer 29

t

Question 30

Emotional bluntness, apathy, and lack of empathy may be symptoms associated with FTD. t/f

Answer 30

t

Question 31

What is Pick's disease?

Answer 31

one type/cause of FTD

Question 32

Pick's disease causes ______ disturbances and _____

Answer 32

behavioral | aphasia

Question 33

Pick's disease does not have protein tangles. T/F

Answer 33

F

Question 34

What is semantic dementia?

Answer 34

Breakdown in conceptual knowledge rather than a specific language-based dysfunction.

Question 35

what is semantic dementia caused by?

Answer 35

LH anterior/inferior temporal degeneration.

Question 36

Reduced fluency in generating words from an initial letter is typical in what type of dementia?

Answer 36

semantic

Question 37

What type of dementia does comprehension affect?

Answer 37

semantic

Question 38

what type of dementia is syntax and phonology relatively spared?

Answer 38

semantic

Question 39

what is PPA?

Answer 39

dementia in which language capabilities become progressively impaired.

Question 40

Aphasia is present in relative _______ from other cognitive deficits (memory, executive functioning) for at least _ years

Answer 40

isolation | 2

Question 41

what is the loss or impairment of the use of language due to brain damage (usually stroke in a majority of cases).

Answer 41

aphasia

Question 42

which dementia has no neuropathological markers (no plaques, tangles, etc.) �

Answer 42

PPA

Question 43

PPA is ___ as many men as women (Opposite of most dementias)

Answer 43

twice

Question 44

About _____of all people with PPA have a family history of dementia in a parent or sibling (suggests genetic component)

Answer 44

half

Question 45

the average duration of isolated impairment in PPA is

Answer 45

5 years, ranging from 1.5-20 years.

Question 46

___% of PPA patients will eventually develop cognitive or behavioral problems consistent with a more diffuse dementia syndrome (such as Alzheimer’s or FTD).

Answer 46

50%

Question 47

A gradual _____ in language abilities is seen with PPA

Answer 47

decline

Question 48

Is there a completely reliable non-invasive diagnostic test for PPA?

Answer 48

no

Question 49

brain scans for PPA will show damage where?

Answer 49

LH | atrophy

Question 50

Are brain scans reliable for PPA detection?

Answer 50

no, It will not show early stages.

Question 51

what is logopenic?

Answer 51

phonological/comprehension errors. | sounds similar to Wernicke's aphasia

Question 52

Fluent PPA has poor comprehension with ____ words and ____ fluency.

Answer 52

single | letter

Question 53

fluent PPA exhibits _____ paraphasias.

Answer 53

semantic

Question 54

nonfluent PPA is more dominant with males or females?

Answer 54

females

Question 55

nonfluent PPA have errors with ______ speech (but understand what is going on)

Answer 55

phonological

Question 56

nonfluent PPA has _____ errors.

Answer 56

semantic

Question 57

Are MRI scans enough to diagnose a patient with fluent PPA?

Answer 57

no, | behavioral measures need to be tested.

Question 58

PPA patients sound very similar to ______ aphasia

Answer 58

Wernicke's

Question 59

PPA language decline is much _____ compared to Alzheimer's

Answer 59

faster

Question 60

PPAs are usually normal on all ______ and control domains, indicating intact insight into behavioral symptoms.

Answer 60

cognitive

Question 61

Do patients with PPA have self-awareness?

Answer 61

yes ( especially in beginning phases)

Question 62

Which is more motivated to work in therapy; FTD or PPA patients?

Answer 62

PPA

Question 63

What is a core deficit in FTD, yet relatively preserved in initial stages of PPA patients?

Answer 63

lack of insight

Question 64

The eventual overlap in language functioning in FTD and PPA suggests that these syndromes belong to the same _______ of disorders

Answer 64

spectrum