Frontier Technical Questions Flashcards
What is Part 91.175?
Takeoff and landing under IFR
Can you list 5 items that can be counted as runway environment in sight?
at least one of the following visual references for the intended runway is distinctly visible and identifiable: i) Approach light system with red terminating bars or with red side row bars, ii) the threshold, iii) the threshold markings, iv) the threshold lights, v) the runway end identifier lights, vi) the visual glideslope indicator, vii) the touchdown zone or touchdown zone markings, viii) the touchdown zone lights, ix) the runway or runway markings, x) the runway lights.
What are the different types of structural icing?
Clear - after initial impact, the
remaining liquid portion of the drop flows out over
the aircraft surface gradually freezing as a smooth
sheet of solid ice. This type forms when drops are
large as in rain or in cumuliform clouds
Rime - Rime ice forms when drops are small, such as
those in stratified clouds or light drizzle. The liquid
portion remaining after initial impact freezes rapidly before the drop has time to spread over the
aircraft surface. The small frozen droplets trap air
between them giving the ice a white appearance
Mixed - Mixed ice forms when drops vary in size or when
liquid drops are intermingled with snow or ice particles. It can form rapidly. Ice particles become
imbedded in clear ice, building a very rough accumulation sometimes in a mushroom shape
Frost
What is required to descend below the publish MDA/DA?
(1) The aircraft is continuously in a position from which a descent to a landing on the intended runway can be made at a normal rate of descent using normal maneuvers, and for operations conducted under part 121 or part 135 unless that descent rate will allow touchdown to occur within the touchdown zone of the runway of intended landing;
(2) The flight visibility is not less than the visibility prescribed in the standard instrument approach being used; and
(3) Except for a Category II or Category III approach where any necessary visual reference requirements are specified by the Administrator, at least one of the following visual references for the intended runway is distinctly visible and identifiable to the pilot:
(i) The approach light system, except that the pilot may not descend below 100 feet above the touchdown zone elevation using the approach lights as a reference unless the red terminating bars or the red side row bars are also distinctly visible and identifiable.
(ii) The threshold.
(iii) The threshold markings.
(iv) The threshold lights.
(v) The runway end identifier lights.
(vi) The visual glideslope indicator.
(vii) The touchdown zone or touchdown zone markings.
(viii) The touchdown zone lights.
(ix) The runway or runway markings.
(x) The runway lights.
What obstacle clearance does MSA on approach plate provide?
1000ft of obstacle clearance within a 25NM radius from the navigational facility upon which the MSA is predicated.
What is the difference between light chop and light turbulence?
Chop causes a jolt or disturbance but not much change in altitude/ attitude and turbulence has jolt or bumps that do change altitude / attitude. Chop is can be labeled light or moderate and turbulence can be light, moderate, sever or extreme
What is MSA?
Minimum safe altitude
What is a VDP
A defined point on the final approach course of a nonprecision straight-in approach from which normal descent from the MDA to the runway touch-down zone may commence, provided the runway or approach lights, etc., are clearly visible to the pilot
How do you calculate your descent point using altitude and airspeed?
Youre at 29000 feet and 320 knots and told to cross a fix at 19000 feet and 250 knots, when do you start your descent?
37 NM. 29,000 - 19,0000 ft = 10,000 feet to lose. 10x3 =30 NM for 3 degree descent. If you need to reduce speed while descending, add 1 mile for every 10 KIAS you need to lose. In this scenario, you need to decrease from 320 to 250 KIAS. 320-250=70. 70~10=7 30 7 = 37 KM
What does seeing the approach lights allow you to do?
Continue down to 100’ above TDZE
What is clear ice?
Glossy, clear, or translucent ice formed by the relatively slow freezing of large, supercooled water droplets
What are the holding speeds?
Up to 6,000 ft MSL: 200 KIAS. From 6,001 to 14,000 ft MSL: 230 KIAS. 14,001 ft MSL and above: 265 KIAS
Define a stabilized approach?
Having the a/c in a configuration for landing at least 1000’ above the touchdown zone. Minimal changes In pitch, power needed to maintain glide angle, descent profile
