From the CLEP Flashcards
Who has the power to suspend Habeas Corpus?
Congress
Who authored the Bill of Rights?
James Mad
In The Federalist Paper Number Ten, what was considered to be the most dangerous threat to the US constitution?
factions
Who wrote the Great compromise, and what was it written in response to ?
Roger Sherman. TGC helped establish the bicameral legislature of the US, with a House of rep. based on number (and the Virginia Plan) and a Senate with an equal number per state (New Jersey Plan)
During the ratification contest, what were the Antifederalist critiques of the US constitution? (4)
Lack of Bill of rights / citizens rights
lack of popular vote to decide presidency
too much power for the Supreme court
inability to control such a vast territory
Jay’s Treaty was NOT able to accomplish what pivotal point?
British ceasing of impressment of US sailors
“Millions for defense, not one cent for tribute” became the nation’s rallying cry during”
Who stated this and in response to what?
XYZ affair, John Adams
how did the election of 1800 lead to the 12th amendment ?
TJ and Aaron Burr, both running as the Democratic-Republican party elect vs. the Federalist Jadams and Charles Pickney, won the electoral college but did not know who was to be president based on votes. Aham swayed the vote towards TJ for president.
When did the British burn Washington DC?
1814
During the War of 1812, the battle waged AFTER the signing of the peace treaty at Ghent was the
New Orleans Battle of
Andrew Jackson changed Presidency in America by doing what? (4)
Using veto as political weapon
creating a kitchen cabinet of loyal advisors NOT in the Cabinet
Spoils System- appointing loyal personal as public official
using public opinion in his favor
Lincoln’s views on slavery were that…
it was a secondary issue to keeping the Union together
What was the Sellout of 1876 and who was responsible for it?
Ruth B Hayes, tied with Tilden for president. Hayes met w/ Southern members of House and promised to withdraw Union soldiers from South while ending reconstruction, in exchange for their votes
What was a primary view of the Know-nothings party ?
immigrants were disrupting american values and ways of life. 1855
Who wrote the American System? what was included in it?
Henry Clay. Protective Tariff, second bank of US, and federally funded internal improvement
What was the Morrill Tariff Act?
the National Banking act?
Homestead?
conscription act?
MTA- extremely unfair tariff act that greatly affected southern states
Nb- established federal charter that circulated national currency
Homestead- guaranteed 160 acres for farming 5 years.
conscription- first national draft
what was the specie circualar?
ANdrew Jackson declared only gold and silver could be used to purchase land, led to panic of 1837
The ordinances of 1785 and 1787 established all of the following
A. division of the Northwestern lands into townships.
B. reservation of one section in each township for support of public schools.
C. establishment of territorial government.
E. a procedure for achieving statehood.
what is a proprietary colony? what was not an example?
Proprietary colonies were territories granted by the English Crown to one or more proprietors loyal to the crown who had full governing rights. A proprietor was a person granted governmental powers over a tract of land.
Virginia
What is a joint stock colony/?
combined venture b/t investors in hope of obtaining a return of investments.
Virgina
Why was the government not successful in using the Articles of the Confederation?
With no power to tax, the gov’t could not coin money, create army/ navy, or establish a post office
What were parts of Radical Republican program of reconstruction?
Divide south into military districts, 14th amendment, powers for freedman’s bureau, and guarantee that freed slaves could vote and hold office
What four wars were part of the feud b/t Britain and France regarding control of America?
Queen Anne’s War, King George’s War, The Seven Years war, and King Williams War. Only 7 years war ended with conclusive victory, for Britain
Who argued against British Writs of Assistance?
James Otis
What was the focal points of discussion during the Seneca Falls Convention?
Women’s rights and improving America’s schools and public education system
What was the temperance movement during the 1830’s?
to help rid Americans of overconsumption of alcohol
What was the Albany Plan?
A plan by Ben Frank to unite the colonies
Who founded the Rhode Island Colony, and why?
Roger Williams, after arguing with Puritan authorities that political leaders could have no authority of religious matters, that English settlers need to buy land from the Indians, and that individuals had the right to worship to their own individual conscience.
What was the middle passage?
the voyage between Africa and the Americas taken by the slave traders.
What is a scalawag?
native-born Southerners who cooperated with the Northerners.
Around 1763, which European powers controlled the most territory in the Americas?
Spain and Britain
Who anonymously wrote the Federalist Papers, and why?
Hamilton, John Jay, and James MAd. to address the inadequacy of the Articles of Confederation
What was the Ostend Manifesto of 1854?
In 1854 the American ministers to Great Britain, France, and Spain met in Ostend, Belgium and issued a statement that became known as the Ostend Manifesto. It said that if Spain would not sell Cuba to the United States, the U.S. had the right to seize the island by force.
What was an encomienda?
a grant to Indians who lived on a specific piece of land in the Spanish colonies
Who was the King of England during the American Revolution?
King George 3
What were the main differences b/t the Pilgrims and Puritans?
Puritans wanted to purify the Anglican church, while Pilgrims wanted to separate from it. Pilgrims established in Plymouth and wrote the Mayflower Compact, an agreement to obey all the laws the group adopted. The Puritans established the Massachusetts Bay Colony
How was land distributed among European powers after the 7 years war?
Spain gave up Floria, but obtained New Orleans and Louisiana from France, who later regained the territory in the Secret Treaty of San Ildefonso. Britain controlled the US east of Mississippi
Who made up the Iroquois Confederation ?
Cayuga, Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, and Seneca,
What was the first college in colonial america?
Harvard 1636
What was a copperhead?
Northerners who opposed the Civil War.
What was a carpetbagger?
Northerner who moved South to set up business and exploit new fragile market
How were colonial assemblies able to regulate Royal Governors?
controlled all grants of money to be spent by the colonial governments.
What did Federalists propose at the Hartford Convention? (3)
Constitutional Amendments that would:
- require a two-thirds vote of Congress to declare war, to impose commercial restrictions, and to admit new states;
2) omit slaves from the census used to apportion representation in Congress;
3) restrict presidents to a single term in office and prohibit successive presidents from the same state.
What did the Webster-Ashburton Treaty do ?
The Webster-Ashburton Treaty (1842) fixed the present northeastern Maine-Canada border and provided for a joint Anglo-American effort to suppress the African slave trade