Abolitionist Beginnings Flashcards
What were William Lloyd Garrison’s views on abolition? What organization did he start?
Immediate emancipation. New england and American Anti-slavery societies in 1832 and 1833
Who was Frederick Douglas ? What was the name of the paper he creat3d?
Escaped slave; North Star
What was the Liberty Party ?
First national anti-slavery party, fielded a presidential candidate on grounds of free soil, and non-expansion of slavery into the west
Who wrote Uncle Tom’s Cabin?
Harriet Beecher Stowe
Who invented: vulcanized rubber? sewing machine telegraph steel plow mechanical reaper threshing machine?
Charles Goodyear Elias Howe Samuel B. Morse John Deere McCormick Jerome Case
What crop caused the shift in population and production from the “upper South” of VA and NC/ SC, to the “lower” South of AL, LO, and MI?
what percentage of US exports did this crop account for?
Cotton; 2/3
Which class in the South was a minority with large political clout and influence over social life? What did they support?
Planter Class, had large farms with many slaves. Supported the slave trade
How did Texas become an independent republic?
TExas belonged to Mexico after Mex Revolution. America attempted to purchase but was refused. Mex offers cheap land parcels to americans to get people in there, about 35 k gringos by 1835. Mx govt tries to excise control through high taxes and immigration restrictions. Texans claim independence. Mx forces win at Alamo and Goliad, but lose to Sam Houston
What President passed the Preemption Act of 1841, and what did it allow?
John TYler. Allowed squatters who had been living on land the first opportunity to purchase it.
What were the five resolutions from the Webster-Ashburton treaty of 1842 ?
- improved US -British relations
- Canada-Maine boundary claims were concurrently conflicted
- Brits promised to avoid interfering with US ships like the Creole
- Brits expressed regret over the Caroline, a US ship attacked near Chesapeake bay
- both countries agree to patrol african coast to prevent slave smuggling.
What did the Oregon Treaty of 1846 secure?
Puget sound and access to strait of Juan de Fuca. US canada border extended westward to the Pacific
What were the causes of the Mexican American war?
- Disputes about the desired land, such as California, in which many Americans lived.
- ineffective Mx govt could not protect American citizens in MEx during times of revolt and revolution, and could not pay Am claims for damages
- Mex considered loss of texas and its annexation a hostile act
- disputes about Texas Mex boundary. US claimed Rio Grande, MEx claimed Nueces River 130 miles further north
- Thomas Catsby Jones, a naval commander, seizes a province in Mexico, believing that a war had already broken out
- Mexican politicians could not make any concessions to US for fear of being overthrown
How did Texas finally join the Union and when?
- As a last act by John Tyler, who had been pushing for the annexation of Texas, pushes through a joint resolution to congress which only needed majority, rather than 2/3 vote required by treaty.
What was the problem(s) associated with the annexation of Texas?
- Abolitionists’ feared Texas joining as a slave state
- Many feared that it would lead to conflict with Mexico
- Sam Houston, President of Texas, was negotiating with Britain. Many in the South feared the British would establish it as an anti-slavery base, which they would use to undermine slavery in the South.
Mexican War. When and why did it officially start?
After Mex refused to receive diplomat John Slidell, Polk sends in a force of US troops led by Zachary Taylor to a position north of the Rio Grande. Mex troops attacked a patrol. After Washington receives word of this, Polk gets declaration from Congress to wage war against Mex. May 13, 1846
