Frogs Flashcards
Tympanic membrane
Location: just behind the eye, circular
Function: senses vibrations, sensitive to species call, hearing
Nictitating membrane
Location: eye
Function: covers and protects the eye (NOT eyelid)
Vomerine teeth
used for grasping
Maxillary teeth
used for chewing
Tongue
Location: attached to anterior of floor of the mouth
Function: catching prey
Brow spot
located between the eyes on top of head
Forelimbs vs. hind limbs
forelimbs in front (arms), hing limbs in back (legs)
Dorsolateral dermal plica
two lines running parallel to one another along the frog’s back
Order of digestion
mouth, esophagus, stomach, duodenum, small intestine, large intestine, anus
Stomach
Location: top of digestive tract
Function: mechanical and chemical digestion of food, contains rugae
Rugae
stomach interior, folds that increase the surface area of the stomach for increased absorption efficiency
Small intestine
Location: start of intestine after duodenum, pictured on left side
Function: chemical digestion and nutrient absorption
Large intestine
Location: toward end of digestive tract, large/wide part of intestine
Function: water absorption and fecal packing
Pancreas
Location: centrally located, white finger-like gland (looks like a chicken’s foot)
Function: secretion of digestive juices and insulin
Gall bladder
Location: small, dark green sac, centrally located under the liver
Function: holds bile for enzymatic digestion
Liver
Location: 3 lobes (right,median, left), at top of body cavity
Function: makes bile, stores carbs, metabolizes fat and other compounds
Fat bodies
location: throughout the main body cavity, small yellowish structures
Function: energy storage (lots of them indicates a healthy frog!)
Spleen
Location: right side, pictured as purplish, small, next to stomach/under some fat bodies
Function: maintenance of blood
Heart
3 chambers (ventricle, R atrium, L atrium)
Function: circulation of blood
Ventricle
receives blood from atria, pumping chamber of the heart
Right atrium
collecting point of blood from sinus venous
Left atrium
collecting point of blood from lungs
Lungs
Location: hide behind liver, very weak-looking, gray
Function: site of gas exchange
Kidneys
Location: 2, bottom of body cavity
Function: elimination of waste, regulation of internal environment
Urinary bladder
Location: very bottom of body cavity
Function: urine storage
Cloaca
common chamber receiving the openings of the urinary tract, oviducts/vas deferens, and the intestine
