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Zoology 100 > Frog Skeletal System > Flashcards

Frog Skeletal System Flashcards

1
Q

axial system consist of

A

skull, upper and lowe jaw, hyoid apparatus, sternum and the vertebral column

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2
Q

appendicular system consists of

A

pectoral or shoulder girdle and forelimb skeleton and the pelvic or hip girdle and the hind limb skeleton

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3
Q

protector of the delicate brain and sense organs

A

skull

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4
Q

passage of the cranial nerves and blood vessles

A

foramina

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5
Q

supports the mouth borders

A

upper and lower jaw

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6
Q

supports the floor of the mouth and the larynx

A

hyoid apparatus

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7
Q

protects the spinal cord and its hollow and provides axial support for the trunk

A

vertebral column or backbone

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8
Q

gives protection to the soft organs located in the breast region, notably the heart, and firm support for the pectoral girdle

A

sternum or breastbone

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9
Q

provides support for the bones of the forelimb

A

pectoral girdle

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10
Q

for the bones of hindlimb

A

pelvic girdle

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11
Q

first vertebra

A

atlas

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12
Q

plays an important role in the series because it is the bone that bears the weight of the skull

A

atlas

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13
Q

2nd to 9th vertebra

A

trunk vertebrae

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14
Q

chief axial support of the body

A

trunk vertebrae

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15
Q

9th vertebra

A

sacral vertebra

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16
Q

giving firm support to the hip region and providing a fulcrum togerther with the last vertebra

A

sacral vertebra

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17
Q

10th vertebra

A

urostyle

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18
Q

a fusion of several vertebra

A

caudal

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19
Q

provides a firm axial support to the hinder and of the trunk

A

urostyle

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20
Q

a continuous tunnel is produced within the column, which lodges the spinal cord in life

A

vertebral canal

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21
Q

base of the vertebra

A

body or centrum

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22
Q

supported by two pedicles, forming an arch above the centrum

A

neural arch

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23
Q

top of the neural arch

A

neural spine

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24
Q

two pairs of processes lying on the fore and aft of the neural arch

A
  1. prezygapophyses

2. postzygapophyses

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25
Q

located on the anterior end, they have smooth surfaces or facets on the upper part

A

prezyga…

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26
Q

located on the posterior end, facets lie on the underpart

A

postzyga…

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27
Q

processes give added strength to the trunk

A

transverse process

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28
Q

serves passage of the spinal cord

A

vertebral foramen

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29
Q

serves as exit for the spinal cord

A

intervertebral foramen

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30
Q

serve for articulation with the occipital condyles at the back of the skull

A

facets

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31
Q

main component of the skull

A

cranium

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32
Q

contains such structures known as the upper and lower jaw and the hyoid apparatus

A

branchial skeleton

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33
Q

part which contains the brain

A

neurocranium or braincase

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34
Q

encloses the organ of smell

A

nasal capsules

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35
Q

contains the eyeballs

36
Q

enclose the organs of hearing and equilibrium

A

auditory or otic capsules

37
Q

represented by the upper and lower jaw and the hyoid apparatus

A

visceral arches

38
Q

roof of which is pierced by three large holes

A

fontanelles

39
Q

3 regions of neurocranium

A
  1. occipital region
  2. sphenoidal region
  3. ethmoidal region
40
Q

cartilage bones

A
  1. prootics, otic, exooccipitals
41
Q

membrane bones

A

frontoparietals, pterygoids, squamosals, and quadratojugal

42
Q

forming the roof of cranium is a pair of elongate, flat bones

A

frontoparietal

43
Q

covers the nasal capsule

44
Q

forms a suspensorium fo the anterior one-third of the upper jaw

45
Q

forms a dividing wall between 2 nasal capsules

A

mesethmoid

46
Q

cranial bones at the very tip of the upper jaw

A

premaxillary bone

47
Q

situated in the base of the skull

A

parasphemoid

48
Q

forms a box for the neurocranium

A

sphenethmoid bone

49
Q

hinder end bears a pair of prominence

50
Q

bears the teeth

A

vomerine teeth

51
Q

inner series which is visible on the ventral aspect

A

palato-pterygo-quadrate bar

52
Q

outer series consists of the teeth-bearing premaxilla and maxilla long rod, which bears no teeth

A

quadratojugal

53
Q

consist of two halves united in front of ligament

A

lowe jaw or mandible

54
Q

curved rod of cartilage

A

meckel’s cartilage

55
Q

lower and inner part of mandible

A

angulosplenial

56
Q

anterior bone of the lower jaw which bears no teeth

57
Q

only ossified portion of meckel’s cartilage

A

mentomekelian bone

58
Q

round prominence at the end of the bone

59
Q

a flat structure embedded in the floor of the mouth cavity

A

hyoid apparatus

60
Q

very long and slender hyoid bone

A

anterior cornua

61
Q

shorter and stouter hyoid bone

A

posterior cornua

62
Q

is an irregular bone with a projection in front

63
Q

superior border of the scapula, outer border are cartilaginous

A

suprascapula

64
Q

scapula is in contact with a slender bone called

65
Q

shoulder blade

66
Q

shallow depression on a bone into which another bone fits to form a joint

A

glenoid fossa

67
Q

a median bony element of the sternum of amphibians extending forward from the ventral ends of the precoracoids and bearing the episternum at its anterior end

A

omosternum

68
Q

bearing at its end a small plate of cartilage

A

episternum

69
Q

hind part consist of a bone called

A

xiphisternum

70
Q

anterior end od of which forms a movable joint with the ends of the transverse processes of the sacral vertebra

A

ilium or hipbone

71
Q

upperarm bone

72
Q

forearm bone

A

radio-ulna

73
Q

wrist bones

74
Q

palm bone

A

meta carpals

75
Q

bones of the digits

76
Q

inner forearm

77
Q

outer forearm

78
Q

consists of six small bones arranged into two rows accross the wrist

79
Q

wanting

A

first digit

80
Q

thigh-bone, has a long slender shaft,

81
Q

consists of a fusion of two bones or shank bone

A

tibio-fibula

82
Q

ankle bones

83
Q

sole-bones

A

metatarsals

84
Q

bones of the toes

85
Q

a small extra toe

A

prehallux or calcar

Zoology 100 (11 decks)

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