Frog muscles: origin, insertion, function

Question 1

Pectoralis

Answer 1

Origin: sternum, anterior coracoid, and fascia of rectus abdominis
Insertion: humerus
Function: adducts, rotates, and flexex forelimb

Question 2

Rectus abdominis

Answer 2

Origin: public border
Insertion: dorsal surface of episternum
Function: flexes trunk

Question 3

Latissimus dorsi

Answer 3

Origin: dorsal conenctive tissue
Insertion: humerus
Function: retracts forelimb

Question 4

Dorsalis scapulae

Answer 4

Origin: suprascapula
Insertion: humerus
Function: protracts forelimb

Question 5

Rhomboideus

Answer 5

Origin: dorsal midline
Insertion: ventral surface of suprascapula
Function: stabilizes suprascapulae

Question 6

Longissimus dorsi

Answer 6

Origin: urostyle
Insertion: posterior portion of skull and anterior vertebrae
Function: extends pelvic area

Question 7

Depressor mandibulae

Answer 7

Origin: squamosal
Insertion: posterior portion of angulosplenial
Function: depresses mandible

Question 8

Temporalis

Answer 8

Origin: frontoparietal
Insertion: coronoid process
Function: elevates mandible

Question 9

Masseter

Answer 9

Origin: frontoparietal
Insertion: coronoid process
Function elevates mandible

Question 10

Intermandibularis

Answer 10

Origin: mandible
Insertion: median raphe
Function: elevates the throat

Question 11

Interhyoideus

Answer 11

Origin: fascia of drepressor mandibulae
Insertion: median raphe
Function: elevates throat

Question 12

Geniohyoideus

Answer 12

Origin: mandibular symphysis
Insertion: hyoid
Function: depresses mandible and pulls hyoid apparatus anteriorly

Question 13

Sternohyoideus

Answer 13

Origin: sternum
Insertion: hyoid
Function: retracts hyoid

Question 14

Deltoideus

Answer 14

Origin: sternum, clavicle, scapula
Insertion: proximal portion of humerus
Function: protraction and adduction of forearm

Question 15

Triceps brachii

Answer 15

Origin: two heads from humerus and one from scapula
Insertion: ulna
Function: extends forearm

Question 16

Flexors and extensors

Answer 16

flexors located on the ventral surface of the forearm while the extemsors are located on the dorsal surface of the forearm, both interact with the forelimb

Question 17

Iliacus externus

Answer 17

Origin: ilium
Insertion: proximal end of femur
Function: protract and rotate the hindlimb

Question 18

Triceps femoris

Answer 18

Origin: ilium and acetabulum
Insertion: proximal end of tibiofibula
Function: extends lower limb and assists in protraction of thigh

Question 19

Iliofibularis

Answer 19

Origin: pelivc girdle
Insertion: proximal end of tibiofibula
Function: flexes lower hindlimb and assists in retraction and abduction of thigh

Question 20

Sartorius

Answer 20

Origin: pelvic girdle
Insertion: proximal end of tibiofibula
Function: flexes lower hindlimb, adducts and protracts thigh

Question 21

Adductor Magnus

Answer 21

Origin: pelvic girdle
Insertion: distal one third of femur
Function: adducts thigh

Question 22

Adductor longus

Answer 22

Origin: pelvic girdle
Insertion: distal end of femur
Function: adducts thigh

Question 23

Pectineus

Answer 23

Origin: pelvic girdle
Insertion proximal end of femur
Function: adducts thigh

Question 24

Gracilis major and minor

Answer 24

Origin: pelvis
Insertion: proximal end of tibiofibula
Function: flexes lower limb and retracts and adducts thigh

Question 25

Semimembranosus

Answer 25

Origin: pelvic girdle
Insertion: proximal end of tibiofibula
Function: extends lower hindlimb and assists in retraction and adduction of thigh

Question 26

Semitendinosus

Answer 26

Origin: pelvic girdle
Insertion: proximal end of tibiofibual
Function: flexes lower hindlimb and retracts thigh

Question 27

Gastrocnemius

Answer 27

Origin: distal end of femur
Insertion: plantar aponeurosis by the way of the achilles tendon
Function: extends foot and flexes toes

Question 28

Peroneus

Answer 28

Origin: distal end of femur
Insertion: proximal tarsals
Action: flexes foot