French: Vichy

Question 1

Vichy policy: Religion

Answer 1

• Restoration of church property in February 1941 that had been seized in 1905
• December 1940 the Education Minister Jacques Chevalier restored religious isntruction to the state schools, however taken back by Darlan in 1941

Question 2

Vichy policy: Alcoholism

Answer 2

• The tax exemptions on the bouilleurs de cru were suppresssed in August 1940
• Drinks stronger than 16% banned in August 1940

Question 3

Vichy policy: Antisemitism

Answer 3

• Jews forbidden to teach in October 1940
• 1942 the Germans started forced deportations
• Around 76,000 Jews deported from France in total
• Commisariat of Jewish affairs first under Vallat and after 1942 by Darquier de Pellepoix

Question 4

Vichy Policy: Education

Answer 4

• Reestablished fees in the Lycees in August 1941

- Curriculum no longer standardised

Question 5

VIchy Policy: Youth

Answer 5

• Chantiers de la Juenesse closest to unified youth movment
• Between 15-20 different youth groups
• Youth affairs given a cabinet post in Vichy

Question 6

Vichy Policy: Family

Answer 6

-Law passed in April 1941 banned divorce within the first three years of marriage

Question 7

Vichy policy: women

Answer 7

• Law passed in 1940 reduced number of women in the workforce
• By 1943 this policy was not working and Laval looked towards female labour

Question 8

Historiography

Answer 8

• Paxton argues that the National Revolution was not a German import
• Emmanuel Berl argues that Germany did shape the National Revolution by the huge economic restrictions
• Only until fairly recently have Paxton and Marrus discovered that Vichy anti-semitism was not limited

Question 9

National Revolution

Answer 9

• Slogan: Travaile, Famille, Patrie

- Millice became a sort of political police

Question 10

Economic policy: German impact

Answer 10

• France was paying around 400million francs a day to the Germans
• 36% of prisoners of war were peasants

Question 11

Planned Economy

Answer 11

-At least 221 Comites d’organisation by 1944

Question 12

Agriculture

Answer 12

-By 1944 the agricultural policy of a return to the land was in tatters

Question 13

Corporatism

Answer 13

Big corporations supported by Vichy

Question 14

Parliamentary legitimacy

Answer 14

-Only 80 deputies voted against giving full powers to Petain

Question 15

Armistice

Answer 15

Signed on 22 June 1940