French and American revolution Flashcards
King George II
George II was King of Great Britain and Ireland, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg and Prince-elector of the Holy Roman Empire
Taxation without representation
primary grievance of the American colonists in the Thirteen Colonies, which was one of the major causes of the American Revolution
The stamp act
The new tax was imposed on all American colonists and required them to pay a tax on every piece of printed paper they used
George Washington
George Washington was an American politician and soldier who served as the first President of the United States
Redcoats
a British soldier
Continental army
was formed by the Second Continental Congress after the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War by the colonies that became the United States of America
Seven year war
a war fought between 1754 and 1763, the main conflict occurring in the seven-year period from 1756 to 1763
Loyalists
American colonists who remained loyal to the British Crown during the American Revolutionary War
Patriots
are a professional American football team based in the Greater Boston region
Thomas Jefferson
American Founding Father who was the principal author of the Declaration of Independence and later served as the third President of the United States from 1801 to 1809
Declaration of independence
The Declaration of Independence is the statement adopted by the Second Continental Congress meeting at the Pennsylvania State House in Philadelphia
The three estates
France under the Ancien Régime (before the French Revolution) divided society into three estates
Louis XV
was a monarch of the House of Bourbon who ruled as King of France from 1 September 1715 until his death.
Marie Antoinette
France and becomes that country’s queen
Versailles
a royal château in Versailles in the Île-de-France region of France
National assembly
was a revolutionary assembly formed by the representatives of the Third Estate
Estates general
the bicameral legislative body in the Netherlands
Declaration of rights of men
is a fundamental document of the French Revolution and in the history of human and civil rights.
Constitution of 1791
It retained the monarchy, but sovereignty effectively resided in the Legislative Assembly
Emigres
a person who has left their own country in order to settle in another, usually for political reasons
Radicals
a person who advocates thorough or complete political or social reform; a member of a political party or part of a party pursuing such aims.
Moderates
a person who holds moderate views, especially in politics.
Conservative
holding to traditional attitudes and values and cautious about change or innovation, typically in relation to politics or religion.
Reign of terror
was a period of violence that occurred after the onset of the French Revolution
Jacobins
a member of a democratic club established in Paris in 1789. The Jacobins were the most radical and ruthless of the political groups formed in the wake of the French Revolution, and in association with Robespierre they instituted the Terror of 1793–4.
Maximilian Robespierre
He was one of the best-known and most influential figures associated with the French Revolution and the Reign of Terror
Guillotine
A guillotine is an apparatus designed for efficiently carrying out executions by beheading. The device consists of a tall, upright frame in which a weighted and angled blade is raised to the top and suspended
conscription
compulsory enlistment for state service, typically into the armed forces
Coup
a sudden, violent, and illegal seizure of power from a government
The directory
a book listing individuals or organizations alphabetically or thematically with details such as names, addresses, and telephone numbers
Napoleon Bonaparte
was a French military and political leader who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led several successful campaigns during the French Revolutionary Wars
Counter revolutionary
engaged in or promoting a revolution that opposes a previous one or reverses its results.
Napoleonic code
is the French civil code established under Napoléon I in 1804
Nationalism
patriotic feeling, principles, or efforts
Duke of Wellington
was an Anglo-Irish soldier and statesman, and one of the leading military and political figures of 19th-century Britain.
Tennis court oath
the members of the French Estates-General for the Third Estate, who had begun to call themselves the National Assembly, took the Tennis Court Oath, vowing “not to separate
Bastille
British indie pop band formed
