chapter Flashcards
Conquistador
a conqueror, especially one of the Spanish conquerors of Mexico and Peru in the 16th century
Colony
a country or area under the full or partial political control of another country, typically a distant one, and occupied by settlers from that country
Mercantilism
belief in the benefits of profitable trading; commercialism.
Balance of trade
the difference in value between a country’s imports and exports.
The compass
an instrument containing a magnetized pointer that shows the direction of magnetic north and bearings from it.
Joint stock company
a company whose stock is owned jointly by the shareholders
Triangular trade
a multilateral system of trading in which a country pays for its imports from one country by its exports to another.
Columbian exchange
The Columbian Exchange refers to a period of cultural and biological exchanges between the New and Old Worlds. Exchanges of plants, animals, diseases and technology transformed European and Native American ways of life.
Middle passage
the sea journey undertaken by slave ships from West Africa to the West Indies
Treaty of toredesillas
The Treaty of Tordesillas (Portuguese: Tratado de Tordesilhas [tɾɐˈtaðu ðɨ tuɾðɨˈziʎɐʃ], Spanish: Tratado de Tordesillas [tɾaˈtaðo ðe toɾðeˈsiʎas]), signed at Tordesillas on June 7, 1494, and authenticated at Setúbal, Portugal, divided the newly discovered lands outside Europe between Portugal and the Crown of Castile
Henry the navigator
was an important figure in 15th-century Portuguese politics and in the early days of the Portuguese Empire.
. Christopher Columbus
An Italian explorer responsible for the European discovery of America in 1492. He had sailed across the Atlantic Ocean from Spain, under the patronage of the king and queen, Ferdinand and Isabella, hoping to find a westward route to India.
Vasco de gama
was a Portuguese explorer and the first European to reach India by sea.
Hernan cortes
was a Spanish Conquistador who led an expedition that caused the fall of the Aztec Empire and brought large portions of mainland Mexico under the rule of …
Zheng he
Zheng He was the leader of a very large fleet of ships that traveled all over the Indian Ocean and Southwest Asia. Zheng He was an eunuch of China’s Imperial Court.
Ferdinand magellan
was a Portuguese explorer who organised the Castilian (‘Spanish’) expedition to the East Indies from 1519 to 1522, …
Spice trade
The spice trade refers to the trade between historical civilizations in Asia, Northeast Africa and Europe. Spices such as cinnamon, cassia, cardamom, ginger, pepper, and turmeric were known and used in antiquity for commerce in the Eastern World
Encomienda system
in colonial Spanish America, legal system by which the Spanish crown attempted to define the status of the Indian population in its American colonies. It was based upon the practice of exacting tribute from Muslims and Jews during the Reconquista (“Reconquest”) of Muslim Spain.
Dutch fast India company
referred to by the British as the Dutch East India Company, was originally established as a chartered company in 1602, when the Dutch government granted it a 21-year monopoly on Dutch spice trade
Arawak
a member of a people originally of the Greater Antilles and adjacent South America, now living mainly in Guiana. They were forced out of the Antilles by the more warlike Caribs shortly before Spanish expansion in the Caribbean.
The Philippines
The name of the Philippines (Filipino: Pilipinas [pɪlɪˈpinɐs], Spanish: Filipinas) is a truncated form of The Philippine Islands, derived from the King Philippe II of Spain in the 16th century
Fort Jesus mombasa
Fort Jesus (Portuguese: Forte Jesus de Mombaça) is a Portuguese fort located on Mombasa Island. It was built between 1593 and 1596, by order of King Philip I of Portugal, to guard the Old Port of Mombasa, Kenya. It was built in the shape of a man (viewed from the air), and was given the name of Jesus
Kongo kingdom
The kingdom consisted of several core provinces ruled by the Manikongo, the Portuguese version of the Kongo title ‘Mwene Kongo’, meaning lord or ruler of the Kongo kingdom, but its sphere of influence extended to neighbouring kingdoms, such as Ngoyo, Kakongo, Ndongo and Matamba.
Menin tribe
a social division in a traditional society consisting of families or communities linked by social, economic, religious, or blood ties, with a common culture and dialect, typically having a recognized leader.
