chapter

Question 1

Conquistador

Answer 1

a conqueror, especially one of the Spanish conquerors of Mexico and Peru in the 16th century

Question 2

Colony

Answer 2

a country or area under the full or partial political control of another country, typically a distant one, and occupied by settlers from that country

Question 3

Mercantilism

Answer 3

belief in the benefits of profitable trading; commercialism.

Question 4

Balance of trade

Answer 4

the difference in value between a country’s imports and exports.

Question 5

The compass

Answer 5

an instrument containing a magnetized pointer that shows the direction of magnetic north and bearings from it.

Question 6

Joint stock company

Answer 6

a company whose stock is owned jointly by the shareholders

Question 7

Triangular trade

Answer 7

a multilateral system of trading in which a country pays for its imports from one country by its exports to another.

Question 8

Columbian exchange

Answer 8

The Columbian Exchange refers to a period of cultural and biological exchanges between the New and Old Worlds. Exchanges of plants, animals, diseases and technology transformed European and Native American ways of life.

Question 9

Middle passage

Answer 9

the sea journey undertaken by slave ships from West Africa to the West Indies

Question 10

Treaty of toredesillas

Answer 10

The Treaty of Tordesillas (Portuguese: Tratado de Tordesilhas [tɾɐˈtaðu ðɨ tuɾðɨˈziʎɐʃ], Spanish: Tratado de Tordesillas [tɾaˈtaðo ðe toɾðeˈsiʎas]), signed at Tordesillas on June 7, 1494, and authenticated at Setúbal, Portugal, divided the newly discovered lands outside Europe between Portugal and the Crown of Castile

Question 11

Henry the navigator

Answer 11

was an important figure in 15th-century Portuguese politics and in the early days of the Portuguese Empire.

Question 12

. Christopher Columbus

Answer 12

An Italian explorer responsible for the European discovery of America in 1492. He had sailed across the Atlantic Ocean from Spain, under the patronage of the king and queen, Ferdinand and Isabella, hoping to find a westward route to India.

Question 13

Vasco de gama

Answer 13

was a Portuguese explorer and the first European to reach India by sea.

Question 14

Hernan cortes

Answer 14

was a Spanish Conquistador who led an expedition that caused the fall of the Aztec Empire and brought large portions of mainland Mexico under the rule of …

Question 15

Zheng he

Answer 15

Zheng He was the leader of a very large fleet of ships that traveled all over the Indian Ocean and Southwest Asia. Zheng He was an eunuch of China’s Imperial Court.

Question 16

Ferdinand magellan

Answer 16

was a Portuguese explorer who organised the Castilian (‘Spanish’) expedition to the East Indies from 1519 to 1522, …

Question 17

Spice trade

Answer 17

The spice trade refers to the trade between historical civilizations in Asia, Northeast Africa and Europe. Spices such as cinnamon, cassia, cardamom, ginger, pepper, and turmeric were known and used in antiquity for commerce in the Eastern World

Question 18

Encomienda system

Answer 18

in colonial Spanish America, legal system by which the Spanish crown attempted to define the status of the Indian population in its American colonies. It was based upon the practice of exacting tribute from Muslims and Jews during the Reconquista (“Reconquest”) of Muslim Spain.

Question 19

Dutch fast India company

Answer 19

referred to by the British as the Dutch East India Company, was originally established as a chartered company in 1602, when the Dutch government granted it a 21-year monopoly on Dutch spice trade

Question 20

Arawak

Answer 20

a member of a people originally of the Greater Antilles and adjacent South America, now living mainly in Guiana. They were forced out of the Antilles by the more warlike Caribs shortly before Spanish expansion in the Caribbean.

Question 21

The Philippines

Answer 21

The name of the Philippines (Filipino: Pilipinas [pɪlɪˈpinɐs], Spanish: Filipinas) is a truncated form of The Philippine Islands, derived from the King Philippe II of Spain in the 16th century

Question 22

Fort Jesus mombasa

Answer 22

Fort Jesus (Portuguese: Forte Jesus de Mombaça) is a Portuguese fort located on Mombasa Island. It was built between 1593 and 1596, by order of King Philip I of Portugal, to guard the Old Port of Mombasa, Kenya. It was built in the shape of a man (viewed from the air), and was given the name of Jesus

Question 23

Kongo kingdom

Answer 23

The kingdom consisted of several core provinces ruled by the Manikongo, the Portuguese version of the Kongo title ‘Mwene Kongo’, meaning lord or ruler of the Kongo kingdom, but its sphere of influence extended to neighbouring kingdoms, such as Ngoyo, Kakongo, Ndongo and Matamba.

Question 24

Menin tribe

Answer 24

a social division in a traditional society consisting of families or communities linked by social, economic, religious, or blood ties, with a common culture and dialect, typically having a recognized leader.