Enlightment 2

Question 1

Petition of right

Answer 1

The Petition of Right is a major English constitutional document that sets out specific liberties of the subject that the king is prohibited from infringing.

Question 2

Long parliament

Answer 2

English Parliament which lasted from 1640 until 1660. It followed the fiasco of the Short Parliament which had been held for three weeks during the spring of 1640, and which in its turn had followed an 11-years parliamentary absence

Question 3

Short parliament

Answer 3

The Short Parliament was a Parliament of England that sat from 13 April to 5 May 1640 during the reign of King Charles I of England, so called because it lasted only three weeks

Question 4

Cavalier

Answer 4

a supporter of King Charles I in the English Civil War

Question 5

Oliver Cromwell

Answer 5

was an English military and political leader and later Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland, and Ireland.

Question 6

Common wealth

Answer 6

an independent country or community, especially a democratic republic

Question 7

Declaration of rights

Answer 7

a document drafted in 1776 to proclaim the inherent rights of men, including the right to reform or abolish “inadequate” government.

Question 8

Monarchy

Answer 8

a form of government with a monarch at the head.

Question 9

Tories and wigs

Answer 9

Whig and Tory, members of two opposing political parties or factions in England, particularly during the 18th cent

Question 10

English bill of rights

Answer 10

The English Bill of Rights is an act that the Parliament of England passed on December 16, 1689.

Question 11

William and Mary

Answer 11

King William III and Queen Mary II of England, who ruled jointly after the Glorious Revolution of 1688 had expelled Mary’s father, King James II.

Question 12

Enlightenment

Answer 12

the action of enlightening or the state of being enlightened

Question 13

Philosophies

Answer 13

the study of the fundamental nature of knowledge, reality, and existence, especially when considered as an academic discipline.

Question 14

John locke

Answer 14

John Locke FRS was an English philosopher and physician, widely regarded as one of the most influential of Enlightenment thinkers and commonly known as the “Father of Liberalism

Question 15

Voltaire

Answer 15

was a French Enlightenment writer, historian, and philosopher famous for his wit, his attacks on the established Catholic Church,

Question 16

Baron de Montesquieu

Answer 16

generally referred to as simply Montesquieu, was a French lawyer, man of letters, and political philosopher who lived during the Age of Enlightenment

Question 17

Mary Wollstonecraft

Answer 17

Mary Wollstonecraft was an English writer, philosopher, and advocate of women’s rights

Question 18

Salon

Answer 18

an establishment where a hairdresser, beautician, or couturier conducts business

Question 19

Spanish Hapsburg

Answer 19

refers to the history of Spain over the 16th and 17th centuries, when Spain was ruled by the major branch of the Habsburg dynasty

Question 20

Phillip II

Answer 20

was King of Spain, King of Portugal, King of Naples and Sicily,

Question 21

War of Austrian secession

Answer 21

involved most of the powers of Europe over the question of Maria Theresa’s succession to the Habsburg Monarchy.

Question 22

Teton

Answer 22

is a mountain range of the Rocky Mountains in North America