Free standing sculpture (Archaic) Flashcards
New York Kouros - Era & Date
Archaic, 590-580 BC
New York Kouros - Description (features)
- pinched waist - muscles harshly defined
- symmetrical - repeated patterning
- almond eyes - blank stare - looks & faces forward
- long, braided hair (behind shoulders) - tinges of red
- naked - wears choker + headband
New York Kouros - Innovations & Movement
- more rounded than Egyptian
- Free-standing, not encased in stone
- left leg forward
New York Kouros - Symmetries
- V mirrored in: groin + lower chest, elbows and knees
- W mirrored in: pecs, eyebrows, eyes, hair
New York Kouros - Realism
- Basic attempt of musculature & anatomy
- 1.95m, not realistic
Archaic material
Marble
Kleobis & Biton - Era & Date
Archaic, 580 BC
Kleobis & Biton - Description (features)
- have Archaic smile
- quite muscly - pecs quite developed
- thighs are quite bulbous - heavier set than NY kouros
- hair in front of neck
- less patterning on body, still some
Kleobis & Biton - Innovations & Movement
- archaic smile
- left leg forward
Kleobis & Biton - Realism
- Muscle tone is faster
- More well rounded
(- Archaic smile)
Kleobis & Biton - Story
Herodotus tells:
Their mother’s oxen were unavailable to pull cart to Hera’s festival
Sons (Kleobis & Biton) pulled the cart for her
Mother asked the goddess to reward them for the service
She let them die peacefully in their sleep
Anavysos Kouros - Era, Date & Purpose
Archaic, c.580 BC, Funerary dedication
Anavysos Kouros - Description (features)
- more rounded, less harshly incised w/ idea of actual flesh achieved
- Archaic smile - stone sculpted to give swell of cheeks
- sculpted as quite muscly + rather beefy
- wears a cap on his head
- hair still braided + behind shoulders
- hair curls at temples
In trying to create a more naturalistic look, the sculptor has created a rather exaggerated anatomical form
Anavysos Kouros - Innovations & Movement
- curls of hair at the temples
- ears + cheekbones
- reflecting war-like character with muscly man
- no movement change
Anavysos Kouros - Realism
- achieved in some features
- reflecting the war-like character
Aristodikos Kouros - Era, Date & Purpose
Archaic, 510-500 BC, Funerary marker
Aristodikos Kouros - Description (features)
- name inscribed on the base
- muscle tone of the abs is more subtle and realistic
- less over muscly
- arms now bent - shoulders horizontal rather than inflated
- hair has been cut - tinges of red in hair
- facial features more sophisticated/life like
- pubes shaped into a star
Aristodikos Kouros - Innovations & Movement
- short hair
- bent at elbows (uses support)
- knees + shins don’t have harsh symmetry /patterning
- an attempt at body hair
- bent arms
Aristodikos Kouros - Realism
- body tone closer
- more hair + facial features (realism in the face doesn’t match stiff body pose)
- star shape pubes are not realistic
Berlin Goddess - Date & Location (+ story)
570-560 BC, Attica
Found in protective lead, potentially because of a time of threat (perhaps invasion)
John Boardman believes it could be as the family had fallen to unpopularity, wrapped to prevent her being vandalised in burial plot in which she stood.
Berlin Goddess - Description (features)
- wearing a chiton & himation
- clothing is very thick drapery, falls in broad folds
- pause the himation across her breast, reveal body
- symmetry broken with differently bent arms
- from rear drapery falls in large concentric circles
- drape show hips breasts & bottom
- wears earrings and necklace and bracelet – wealthy
- wears sandals
- wears a polos, painted headdress (common for goddesses)
- hair braided + tide back, rather wig like, elegant
- Archaic smile + almond eyes
- right hand holding pomegranate – grave marker
Berlin Goddess - Innovations & Movement
- use of drapery to emphasise buddy
- pulling the dress over the chest
Berlin Goddess - Realism
- skirt swells over the butt = flesh
- anatomy shows womanly form, the mantle has a suggestion of breast
- Archaic smile - emotion
Peplos Kore - Date & Location (+ meaning)
540-530 BC, Found Acropolis
- This led people to believe she was a votive office to goddess Athene (w/ spear & shield, she’s rarely depicted this young) BUT more recent theories have arisen
- Represent Artemis, bow in bent hand, spear in right
- Sanctuary of Artemis Brauronion on Acropolis
Peplos Kore - Description (features)
- she is a young girl
- wears a simple peplos
- has narrow hips, small breasts & hair down over shoulders
- very youthful face w/ plump cheek
- Archaic smile & large wide eyes
- one arm hangs by side, other bent holding something
- lots of remnant colour, particularly red on hair eyes and drapery
- holes in ears which were probably for bronze earrings
- hem of dress & drapery patterned – w/ sphynxes, lions/horses, goats + flowers
- rods in head – headdress – crown
- hole drilled in the right fist
Peplos Kore - Innovations & Movement
- very subtle asymmetries
- left leg forward - left shoulder above = weight on one leg - head slightly turned
- one arm up
Peplos Kore - Realism
- girlish body
- youthful face
