Framework for Preliminary Society & Culture Flashcards
what are the 5 fundamental concepts of society & culture?
persons, society, culture, environment, and time
what is the concept of persons?
Every person is a unique individual who develops in a social and environmental setting in which he or she is influenced by and interacts with, other persons and groups
what is the concept of society?
people, groups, networks, institutions, organisations and systems. people belong to informal and formal groups, and within and between these groups there are patterns of interactions that contribute to unique cultures.
what is the concept of culture?
the shared knowledge, attitudes and behaviours that give each society its coherence, identity and distinctive way of life, demonstrated by the beliefs, customs, values, norms, rules, laws, governance, arts, technologies and artefacts that people generate and interpret
what is the concept of environment?
every society is located in a particular physical setting and interacts with its environment
what is the concept of time?
every person, society, culture and environment is located in a period of time and is changing with time. it is examined as past, present, and future.
what are the 6 additional course concepts of society & culture?
power, authority, gender, identity, technologies, globalisation.
what is the concept of power?
the ability or capacity to influence or persuade others to a point of view or action to which they may not always agree
what is the concept of authority?
the right to make decisions and to determine, adjudicate or settle issues and disputes in society
what is the concept of gender?
socially constructed differences between males & females, and the stereotypes of masculinity and femininity
what is the concept of identity?
a sense of self, viewed from a personal, social and cultural level, formed from micro, meso and macro-level interactions
what is the concept of technology?
the tools we use to assist our interactions in society. the value placed on technology influences the rate of change in society and culture
what is the concept of globalisation?
the process of integration and the sharing of goods, services, knowledge, ideas and culture between countries, brought about by improved technologies
what is primary research?
original information/data collected first-hand by the person doing the research → new information
what is secondary research?
the collection and collation of existing information on a topic, which is then synthesised as a whole by the researcher
what is a QUANTITATIVE method of research?
a research strategy that focuses on collecting data that can be measured, counted or quantified, and then analysed
what is a QUALITATIVE method of research?
aims to gather and analyse non-numerical data to gain an understanding of individuals’ attitudes, beliefs, ideas, and motivations.
how to remember quantitative data v qualitative data?
QUANTitative = quantity = numbers = numerical data
QUALitative = quality conversation = words = understanding beliefs & opinions
what are quantitative methods of research?
questionnaire (close-ended questions), content analysis (counting data), statistical analysis, observation
what are qualitative methods of research?
questionnaire (open-ended questions), content analysis (analyse & interpret themes), interview, focus group, secondary research, personal reflection, participant observation (researcher immersed in action being observed, role not obvious), case study
what is step 1 of the process of research?
decide on the topic of research → based on interests, curiosity, or prior research
what is step 2 of the process of research?
develop a focus question or hypothesis → narrows or broadens the question, as well as develops sub-questions
what is step 3 of the process of research?
gather background information → books, articles, experts
what is step 4 of the process of research?
design the research → choose most appropriate research methods
