Frailty Flashcards
what is frailty?
- decreased physiological reserve and increased vulnerability to health stressors
what increases with frailty?
- dependence on support increases
what are the four stages?
- robust/ resilient
- pre- frailty
- frailty
- disability
what is the non- frail stage?
- healthy, physiologically robust state
what is the functioning, ADLs and clinical event risk like in non- frail individuals?
- high physiological function
- independent in ADLs
- low risk of clinical events
what is the pre-frailty state?
- prodromal state
- likely to develop into frailty if untreated
what is the functioning, ADLs and clinical event risk like in pre- frail individuals?
- reduced physiological function
- moderately dependent in ADLs
- increased risk of clinical events
what is the frailty stage?
- state of reduced physiological function and increased vulnerability to dependency and death
what is the functioning, ADLs and clinical event risk like in frail individuals?
- low physiological function
- highly dependent in many ADLs
- high risk of clinical events
what is the disability stage?
- chronic loss of impairment of physical function
what is the functioning, ADLs and clinical event risk like in disabled individuals?
- very low physiological function
- almost completely dependent in many ADLs
- high risk of clinical events
what happens in all the stages if a stressor is encountered e.g., minor illness?
robust= successful recovery
pre-frail/ frail= incomplete recovery
disability= dependence
what are the 6 main risk factors of frailty?
- smoking
- females
- ethnicity
- lower socioeconomic background
- obesity
- less education
what are the two main protective factors of frailty?
- Mediterranean diet
- exercise
what are the three types of dysfunctions that may cause frailty?
- endocrine dysfunction
- energy homeostasis dysfunction
- mitochondria dysfunction
what are the markers that may contribute to frailty?
- genomic markers
- metabolomic markers
what impairment is a mechanism of frailty?
- impaired HPA response
what are the two other mechanisms of frailty?
- chronic repeated bouts of inflammation
- oxidative stress
what increases risk of frailty? and why?
- multimorbidity
- because they take more medications for different conditions
what percent with multimorbid conditions will be frail?
- 72%
what are the two benefits of getting frail people moving straight away?
- quicker discharge
- increased quality of life
what percentage of old patients experience functional decline after being in hospital?
- up to 60%
what process in old people can cause serious harm?
- deconditioning
what MDT members are involved in old patient care?
- medical management
- nurses
- dietician
- occupational therapist
- social support
what does medical management involve?
- medications taking
- control of exacerbation
- reducing infection
what does dietician aid?
- aids metabolism
what does occupational therapist review ?
- reviews home situation
