Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Geography > fragile environments and climate change > Flashcards

fragile environments and climate change Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
U.S. Geography flashcards World Geography flashcards
1
Q

what are fragile environments caused by

A
  1. desertification
  2. deforestation
  3. climate change
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

factors that affect our ecological footprint

A
  • rate of population growth
  • level of consumption of resources per person
  • type of technology used
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

main characteristics of desertification

A
  • absecnce of surface water
  • dried up watercourse and ponds
  • lowering water table
  • vegetation degraded
  • increases soil erosion
  • increased salt content in soil
  • soil becomes unusable
  • increasing the presecne of dry loose sand
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

natural causes of desertification

A
  1. soil erosion
    removal of top soil, less support
  2. changing rainfall patterns
  3. intensity of rainfall
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

human causes of desertification

A
  • population growth
  • over cultivation
  • over grazing
  • migration
  • deforestation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

planting more trees- deforestation

A
  • roots hold soil together
  • reduces soil erosion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

agroforestry

A
  • intergrates high value multi purpose trees and shrubs into farming systems
  • gives animals shelter, fruit trees, soil fertility
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Riparian buffer zones

A

forested land adjacent to steams, rivers, marshes or shoreline which help prevent erosion and sedimentation.
- keeps river cool

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

bunding

A
  • halting soil erosoin
  • prevents run off, allowing rain water to percolate down
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

magic stones

A

circles of stones placed on the ground to hold water on the soil rather than letting run over the surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

drip irrigation

A

water drips slowly onto ground from pin-sized holes in a hose lying on top of the soil
- minimizes water loss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

water management

A

water stores in dams during wet season and used to irrigate crops during dry season

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

desalination

A

taking salt out of water to make it drinkable.
- creates a reliable water supply

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

water transfers

A

systems of dams, reservoirs, pipes or canal to transfer large amounts of water from a donor basin to another

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

satellites

A

map progressing of desertification

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

GIS

A

find areas prone to frequent droughts

17
Q

causes of deforestation

A
  • commercial timber extraction
  • agriculture
  • mining
  • transport
  • settlement
  • energy extraction
  • land for farmers
18
Q

impacts of deforestation

A
  • loss of bio diversity
  • climate change and global warming
  • increased soil erosion
  • benefit of economic development
19
Q

to achieve sustainable management

A
  • respect environment and cultures
  • use traditional skills and knowledge
  • give people control over lands
  • use appropraite tech
  • generate income for local communities
  • protect biodivesity
20
Q

sustaiable management in forestry

A
  • protection of forests
  • controlled logging
  • restricting the number of logging licenses
  • selective logging
  • Heli logging
    replanting forested areas
  • developing alternative energy supplies
  • agroforestry
  • substitution
  • using satellites to monitor illegal logging
21
Q

human causes of climate change

A
  • deforestation
  • use of fossil fuels and air pollution
  • agricultural change
  • use of CFCs
22
Q

describe the greenhouse effect and then how it is ‘enhanced’

A

Step 1: Solar radiation reaches the Earth’s atmosphere - some of this is reflected into space.

Step 2: The rest of the sun’s energy is absorbed by the land and the oceans, heating the Earth.

Step 3: Heat radiates from Earth towards space.

Step 4: Some of this heat is trapped by greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, keeping the Earth warm enough to sustain life.

Step 5: Human activities such as burning fossil fuels, agriculture and land clearing are increasing the amount of greenhouse gases released into the atmosphere.

Step 6: This is trapping extra heat and causing the Earth’s temperature to rise.

23
Q

natural causes of global warming

A
  • solar output
  • orbital changes
  • volcanic eruptions
24
Q

Milankovitch cycles

A

earths position varies slightly over a long time, as a result of cyclic predictable changes in earths orbit every 42000

25
Q

impacts of climate change

A
  • more hazards
  • changing settlement patterns
  • ecosystem changes
  • economic impact
26
Q

mitigation to effects of climate change

A
  • cutting down the use of fossil fuels
  • rainwater harvesting
  • insulation in colder climates
  • buy local food opposed to imported
  • cycle or walk shorter distances
27
Q
A

Geography (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions