Fractures Of Different Bones

Question 1

Distal Radius Fracture

Answer 1

fracture at the distal radius

causes:
high energy trauma

signs:
pain, swelling, bruising, unable to move

investigations:
x-ray

criteria:
Colle’s - distally displace radius
Smith’s - polar aspect, inward fall

management:
reduction if fracture displaced
cast or splint
surgery for complex fractures

complications:
median nerve injury

Question 2

Scaphoid fracture

Answer 2

fracture of the scaphoid

signs:
tenderness, painful, anatomical snuffbox could be affected

investigations:
x-ray

management:
if nothing can be seen on the image, put into split and review again
non-displaced - futuro splint
displaced or proximal polar fractures - surgery if complex

complications:
avascular necrosis

Question 3

Ankle fracture

Answer 3

fracture of ankle joint

causes:
twisting

signs:
pain, swelling, bruising, inability to move

investigations:
x-ray done if one of Ottawa questions are there

management:
unimalleolar -
evidence of ligamentous injury - closed reduction

no evidence of ligamentous injury - discharge with cast and fracture clinic follow up x-rays

Question 4

ottawa rules

Answer 4

1. inability to weight bear immediately after injury and during examination
2. pain on palpation of lateral malleolus
3. pain on palpation of medial malleolus

Question 5

what is the criteria for lateral malleolus fractures

Answer 5

Webbers -
A - below distal syndesmosis
B - aligned with distal syndesmosis
C - above distal syndesmosis

Question 6

monteggia

Answer 6

fracture of ulnar bone with dislocation of proximal radio-ulnar joint

Question 7

galeazzi

Answer 7

fracture of radial bone with dislocation of distal radio-ulnar joint

Question 8

stress/metatarsal fractures

Answer 8

metatarsal fractures commonly affect the 5th toe
x-ray

stress fractures are common with athletes
MRI

supportive footwear, analgesia
surgery if needed

Question 9

Pott’s fracture

Answer 9

bilateral malleolus fracture

foot eversion

Question 10

Bennett’s Fracture

Answer 10

intra-articular fracture of the first carpal-metacarpal

Question 11

barton’s fracture

Answer 11

colle’s/smith’s fracture associated with radoiocarpal dislocation

Question 12

rib fracture

Answer 12

cause:
commonly trauma

signs:
chest pain, more severe with deep breaths
tenderness
bruising

investigations:
CT

management:
supportive
analgesia

Question 13

fracture of the radial head

Answer 13

falling onto an outstretched hand

tenderness of the head, impaired movements at head of elbow (supination and pronation)