Fractures Flashcards
Bankarts fracture
Anterior glenoid fracture associated with anterior shoulder dislocation
Barton’s fracture
Distal radius
Involves articular surface with dislocation of radio carpal joint
Boxers fracture
5th metacarpal neck
Chauffeurs fracture
Intra-articular fracture of radial styloid
Colles fracture
Distal radius with dorsal angulation and impaction with radial drift
Essex-lopresti fracture
Comminuted radial head fracture
With interosseous membrane disruption and distal radio-ulnar subluxation
Galeazzi fracture
Radius shaft dislocation of distal radio-ulnar joint
Bennetts fracture
Intra-articular 1st metacarpal
Accompanied by subluxation it dislocation of Cmc joint
Smiths fracture
Distal radius with VOLAR displacement
Salter Harris fracture
Fracture involving growth plate
Rolando fracture
Extra articular fracture of first metacarpal base
Moores fracture
Distal radius fracture with ulnar dislocation and entrapment of styloid process under annular ligament
Monteggia fracture
Proximal ulna fracture with dislocation of radial head
Hume fracture
Olecranon fracture with anterior dislocation of radial head
Holstein-Lewis fracture
1/3 distal humerus fracture with entrapment of radial nerve
Hill-Sachs fracture
Impacted posterior humeral head occurring DURING anterior shoulder fracture
Sling immobilization after proximal humeral fractures
- one or two part break
- complex breaks
1-3 weeks then Passive movements
4-6 weeks unless has TSA
Bone healing phases
Inflammatory, repair, remodeling
Primary versus secondary healing
Primary occurs by stabilization of bone fragments thereby eliminating the callus formation
Secondary healing occurs in the body- by the three stages
Most common wrist fracture
Colles - dorsal displacement
Usually heals with cast
Colles occurs most in which population
Post menopausal women with osteoporosis
Smiths is usually stable or unstable?
Unstable requiring internal fixation
Salter Harris grades 3-5
Indicates fracture involves growth plate and epiphysis (ossification center)
Salter Harris grade 2
Involves growth plate (metaphysis) but not the ossification center (epiphysis)
Seymour fracture
Juxtaepiphyseal fracture of the distal phalanx (children)
Can mimic mallet finger
Pilon fracture
Comminuted intra articular fx of the base of the middle phalanx
Can be treated with dynamic traction
Ligamentotaxis
Periosteum sleeve positions and compresses the articular surfaces when distraction or tension is applied
Jahss maneuver
Closed reduction by grabbing the proximal phalanx and pulling up while in 90 flexion at mcp
Not used in the little finger
Humpback deformity
Scaphoid fx with nonunion (SNAC) with significant flexion at the nonunion site
Focal hand dystonia
Abnormal posturing of the hand because of antagonist agonist co-contractions
Idiopathic and multifactorial