Fractures

Question 1

Greenstick

Answer 1

bending moment and tension side gives away

- fx on side of tensile loading

Question 2

Torus

Answer 2

bending moment but compression side gives away

- impaction fx on side of compressive loading

Question 3

plastic bowing

- Likely a component of all ___________ fractures

Answer 3

permanent bend position from long longitudinal compression forces exerted
- likely component of pediatric fractures

Question 4

Pediatric Physeal Fx acronym

Answer 4

SALTR

• slipped (1)
• above (2)
• lower (3)
• through (4)
• ruined (5)

Question 5

Type 1 physeal fracture

Answer 5

Slipped

- growth plate only

Question 6

Type 2 physeal fracture

Answer 6

Above

- physis and metaphysis

Question 7

Type 3 physeal fracture

Answer 7

Lower

- physis and epiphysis

Question 8

Type 4 physeal fracture

Answer 8

Through

- epiphysis, physis, metaphysis

Question 9

Type 5 Physeal fracture

Answer 9

ruined

• crush injury to physis
• poor outcomes

Question 10

type VI physeal fracture

- what is it also called?

Answer 10

Rang’s

- involves perichondral ring or associated periosteum oh physis

Question 11

Types VII - IX physeal fracture name and structures involved

Answer 11

Ogden’s

- do not directly involve physis but may disrupt blood supply

Question 12

Type VII physeal fracture

Answer 12

osteochondral fracture of epiphysis

Question 13

Type VIII physeal fracture

Answer 13

fracture of metaphysis

Question 14

Type IX physeal fracture

Answer 14

avulsion of periosteum - involves just perichondral ring

Question 15

what are common immobilization/protection timelines for adults and children?

Answer 15

adults - 6-8 weeks

children - 4-6 weeks

Question 16

How do you describe fracture alignment?

Answer 16

distal segment in relation to proximal

- position is relationship to normal anatomic location

Question 17

transverse fracture

Answer 17

perpendicular to longitudinal axis

Question 18

longitudinal fracture

Answer 18

parallel to longitudinal axis

Question 19

oblique fracture

Answer 19

like transverse but angled flat fracture line

Question 20

spiral fracture

Answer 20

rotary mechanism - bone shears off around bone

Question 21

How does an impaction fracture happen?

Answer 21

compression w/ axial load

- depression and compression

Question 22

How does an avulsion fracture occur?

Answer 22

tensile loading of fragment and main body of bone

- muscle contraction or passive loading

Question 23

What are you at risk for with early excessive loading?

Answer 23

pseudoarthrosis - cartilaginous union of joint (false joint)