Fractures Flashcards
Greenstick
bending moment and tension side gives away
- fx on side of tensile loading
Torus
bending moment but compression side gives away
- impaction fx on side of compressive loading
plastic bowing
- Likely a component of all ___________ fractures
permanent bend position from long longitudinal compression forces exerted
- likely component of pediatric fractures
Pediatric Physeal Fx acronym
SALTR
- slipped (1)
- above (2)
- lower (3)
- through (4)
- ruined (5)
Type 1 physeal fracture
Slipped
- growth plate only
Type 2 physeal fracture
Above
- physis and metaphysis
Type 3 physeal fracture
Lower
- physis and epiphysis
Type 4 physeal fracture
Through
- epiphysis, physis, metaphysis
Type 5 Physeal fracture
ruined
- crush injury to physis
- poor outcomes
type VI physeal fracture
- what is it also called?
Rang’s
- involves perichondral ring or associated periosteum oh physis
Types VII - IX physeal fracture name and structures involved
Ogden’s
- do not directly involve physis but may disrupt blood supply
Type VII physeal fracture
osteochondral fracture of epiphysis
Type VIII physeal fracture
fracture of metaphysis
Type IX physeal fracture
avulsion of periosteum - involves just perichondral ring
what are common immobilization/protection timelines for adults and children?
adults - 6-8 weeks
children - 4-6 weeks
How do you describe fracture alignment?
distal segment in relation to proximal
- position is relationship to normal anatomic location
transverse fracture
perpendicular to longitudinal axis
longitudinal fracture
parallel to longitudinal axis
oblique fracture
like transverse but angled flat fracture line
spiral fracture
rotary mechanism - bone shears off around bone
How does an impaction fracture happen?
compression w/ axial load
- depression and compression
How does an avulsion fracture occur?
tensile loading of fragment and main body of bone
- muscle contraction or passive loading
What are you at risk for with early excessive loading?
pseudoarthrosis - cartilaginous union of joint (false joint)
