FRACTURE

Question 1

defined as the break in the continuity of the bone

Answer 1

fracture

Question 2

injury in the ligaments

Answer 2

sprain

Question 3

injury on muscles/tendons

Answer 3

strain

Question 4

a type of fracture that has no break in the skin

Answer 4

close fracture

Question 5

a type of fracture that has break in skin

Answer 5

open fracture

Question 6

what is the priority intervention when there is an open fracture?

Answer 6

cover the wound

Question 7

why is a patient with fracture at high risk for hypovolemic shock?

Answer 7

bones are very vascularized

Question 8

a type of fracture that breaks across the entire section of the bone

Answer 8

complete fracture

Question 9

a type of fracture that breaks occur through only part of the cross-section bone

Answer 9

incomplete fracture

Question 10

types of fracture according to the extent of soft tissue damage

Answer 10

close fracture
open fracture

Question 11

types of fracture according to the extent of break

Answer 11

complete fracture
incomplete fracture

Question 12

a fracture caused by a break in a bone that occurs due to a weakening of the bone structure caused by an underlying disease or condition, rather than a direct injury

Answer 12

pathologic fracture

Question 13

cause of fracture that results to excessive strain or stress in the bone

Answer 13

fatigue

Question 14

cause of fracture that is produced by the loading force applied to long axis of cancellous bone

Answer 14

compression

Question 15

most definitive s/sx of fracture

Answer 15

crepitus

Question 16

why don’t we test for crepitus?

Answer 16

to avoid further injury

Question 17

most definitive diagnostic test for fracture?

Answer 17

x-ray

Question 18

most important s/sx to differentiate fracture from other soft tissue injury

Answer 18

shortening of the limbs
adduction
external rotation

Question 19

4Rs in management of fracture

Answer 19

recognition
reduction
retention
rehabilitation

Question 20

this is a management in fracture where you realign the broken bone to its normal anatomical position

Answer 20

reduction

Question 21

two types of reduction

Answer 21

closed reduction
open reduction

Question 22

a complication of fracture that results from hemorrhage

Answer 22

hypovolemic shock

Question 23

a complication of fracture where fat globules may move into bloodstream due to marrow pressure is greater than capillary pressure

Answer 23

fat embolism

Question 24

how fast is the onset of s/sx in fat embolism?

Answer 24

24 to 72 hours

Question 25

3 distinct s/sx of fat embolism

Answer 25

petechial rash dyspnea confusion

Question 26

what are the 6Ps to assess neurovascular status?

Answer 26

pain paralysis paresthesia poikilothermia pulselessness pallor

Question 27

nursing intervention for compartment syndrome

Answer 27

elevate extremity to heart level

Question 28

if pain in compartment syndrome does not relieve in 1 hour, what will be the management?

Answer 28

fasciotomy

Question 29

a complication of fracture where healing does not occur at normal rate based on location and the type of fracture

Answer 29

delayed union

Question 30

a complication of fracture where it heals incorrectly and causes deformity

Answer 30

malunion

Question 31

a complication of fracture where there is a failure of ends of fracture bone to unite

Answer 31

non-union

Question 32

this may happen if there is loss of blood supply that leads to bone tissue death

Answer 32

avascular necrosis

Question 33

s/sx of avascular necrosis

Answer 33

pain limited movement decreased sensation

Question 34

what can you see in the x-ray of a person with avascular necrosis

Answer 34

calcium loss and structural collapse

Question 35

what should you avoid after undergoing total hip joint arthroplasty?

Answer 35

adduction extreme flexion external rotation

Question 36

a rigid external immobilizing device molded to contours of body

Answer 36

cast

Question 37

2 types of cast

Answer 37

plaster of paris fiberglass

Question 38

type of cast that is cheaper

Answer 38

plaster of paris

Question 39

type of cast that is expensive

Answer 39

fiberglass

Question 40

type of cast the is easily molded in the body part

Answer 40

plaster of paris

Question 41

type of cast that is heavier

Answer 41

plaster of paris

Question 42

type of cast that is lighter

Answer 42

fiberglass

Question 43

type of cast that is waterproof

Answer 43

fiberglass

Question 44

drying time of plaster of paris

Answer 44

24 to 72 hours

Question 45

drying time of fiberglass

Answer 45

30 mins

Question 46

why do we elevate the casted extremity above the level of the heart?

Answer 46

to prevent edema

Question 47

how should we hold the casted extremity of a patient?

Answer 47

hold cast with palms

Question 48

how to lessen itchiness when you have a cast?

Answer 48

tap gently

Question 49

way of drying for plaster of paris

Answer 49

air dry

Question 50

consideration when a patient is in a body cast

Answer 50

assess for breathing

Question 51

what do we call the thinning of the area in a cast?

Answer 51

hot spot

Question 52

this is done to patients with plaster of paris to prevent irritation of the skin

Answer 52

petal edge the cast

Question 53

complications of traction

Answer 53

atelectasis pneumonia constipation anorexia UTI DVT

Question 54

a type of traction in which the pulling force is in a straight line with body parts resting on the bed

Answer 54

straight/running traction

Question 55

a type of traction in which it supports affected extremity off the bed and allows for some patient movement without disruption of the line of pull

Answer 55

balanced suspension traction

Question 56

type of traction where weights are applied to the skin

Answer 56

skin traction

Question 57

how many kg of weights is applicable for skin traction?

Answer 57

2 to 3.5 kgs

Question 58

how many kg of weights is applicable for skeletal traction?

Answer 58

7 to 12 kg

Question 59

a type of traction where weights are applied directly to the bone by use of pins and wire

Answer 59

skeletal traction

Question 60

this type of traction is commonly used in children and buttocks should be slightly elevated and clear of bed

Answer 60

bryant's traction