fractional distillation Flashcards
more efficient method for separation and purification of a mixture
fractional distillation
different type fractioning method
hempel column, Vigreux column and spiral wire column
type of column that most commonly used in laboratory.
hempel column
type of column that the glass tube does not contain pack
vigreux column
column that composed of sharp indentation
column that composed of sharp indentation
vigreux column
type of column that composed of vertical glass tube contains pack that filled with glass or porcelain beads, chunk of glass tubing, glass helices
hempel column
type of column that wire is inert to most materials ansd serves as good container
spiral wire column
what type of column that is efficient in exhange between column and surroundings
spiral wire column
serves as condensation which vapor can take place
packing material/ indentation
why does fractional distillation is more efficient?
involves the use of fractioning column, repeated vaporation and condensation, better separation of components and temperature control.
what is the role of packing inside the fractioning column?
serves to increase the surface are for vapor and to promote separation of components repeatedly condensation and vaporization
when is the fractional distillation method applicable?
when components have different boiling points, commonly used in similar boiling points such as refining oil into different components
boiling point of gasoline
20-200
boiling point of kerosene
180-260
boiling point of diesel
260-340
boiling point of fuel oil
370-600
number of atoms found in gasoline
5-10
number of atoms found in kerosene
10-16
number of atoms found in diesel
14-20
number of atoms found in fuel oil
20-70
how can you u say that each fraction is a mixture based on the table used as fuels?
since has a variety of boiling points and caron atoms.
how does the carbon atoms in a molecules affect boiling points?
as the number increase the boiling points also increases due to larger and more complex molecules having stronger intermolecular forces.
compare the observed boiling point of ethanol with the value from literature. Give possible reason of significance difference.
vary slightly from literature since the value of each ethanol based on literature is 78. The reasons for this is due to different factors such as variation of atmospheric pressure, impurities of sample and differ in heating rate.
