Fractional Distillation Flashcards
1
Q
What are hydrocarbons?
A
Compounds that contain carbon and hydrogen only
2
Q
Describe the characteristics of crude oil.
A
- It is a complex mixture of hydrocarbons
- It contains molecules in which carbon atoms are in chains or rings
3
Q
Describe the importance of crude oil.
A
- It is an important source of useful substances (fuels and feedstock for the petrochemical industry)
- It is a finite resource
4
Q
Name the process involved in the separation of crude oil into simpler, more useful mixtures.
A
Fractional distillation
5
Q
(Exam-style question)
A
6
Q
The different fractions in crude oil are separated by fractional distillation.
Recall the names and uses of the fractions, starting with the fraction at the top of the fractionating column.
A
- Gases - used in domestic heating and cooking
- Petrol - used as fuel for cars
- Kerosene - used as fuel for aircraft
- Diesel oil - used as fuel for some cars and trains
- Fuel oil - used as fuel for large ships and in some power stations
- Bitumen - used to surface roads and roofs
