fractional distilation Flashcards
What is fractional distillation?
The process of separating mixtures of two or more liquids having close boiling points by repeated distillation and condensation.
What does vaporization of a liquid mixture in fractional distillation result in?
A mixture of constituents from which the desired component is separated in pure form.
What type of liquids does fractional distillation typically separate?
Miscible volatile liquids whose boiling points are close.
What is the role of the fractionating column in fractional distillation?
It helps separate miscible volatile liquids by allowing repeated vaporization and condensation.
In a mixture of two miscible liquids A and B, which component is more volatile?
Component A.
What is the first step in the fractional distillation process?
Adding the mixture of liquids into the distilling flask.
What happens to the temperature during fractional distillation?
Heat is applied which increases the temperature slowly.
What do the vapors rising in the flask during distillation primarily consist of?
The volatile component A.
What happens to the vapors in the condenser during fractional distillation?
They are cooled down to form a liquid, which is collected in the receiver.
What processes occur repeatedly throughout fractional distillation?
Vaporization and condensation.
Fill in the blank: Fractional distillation is used to separate _______ liquids.
miscible volatile
True or False: Fractional distillation can completely separate two miscible liquids.
True.
