azeotropes

Question 1

What are azeotropes?

Answer 1

Mixtures of liquids which boil at constant temperature like a pure liquid such that the distillate has the same composition as that of liquid mixture.

Question 2

What are the two types of azeotropes?

Answer 2

• Minimum boiling azeotropes
• Maximum boiling azeotropes

Question 3

What characterizes minimum boiling azeotropes?

Answer 3

Formed from liquid pairs which show positive deviations from ideal behaviour, having high vapour pressure and low boiling point.

Question 4

Give an example of a minimum boiling azeotrope.

Answer 4

Azeotrope mixture of water and ethanol with boiling point 351.15K.

Question 5

What are the boiling points of water and ethanol?

Answer 5

• H2O: 373K
• Ethanol: 351.3K

Question 6

What characterizes maximum boiling azeotropes?

Answer 6

Formed from liquid pairs which show negative deviations from ideal behaviour, having high vapour pressure and low boiling point.

Question 7

Give an example of a maximum boiling azeotrope.

Answer 7

Azeotropic mixture of HCl and H2O with boiling point 385.54K.

Question 8

What are the boiling points of HCl and water?

Answer 8

• H2O: 373K
• HCl: 293K

Question 9

Fill in the blank: Azeotropes are also known as _______.

Answer 9

[constant boiling mixtures]