FPRS hair restoration Flashcards
What are the layers of the scalp?
Skin, loose connective tissue, galea or epicranial aponeurosis, loose areolar tissue, periosteum
What are the five main arteries that supply blood
to the scalp?
● Supratrochlear ● Supraorbital ● Superficial temporal ● Occipital ● Posterior auricular arteries
What makes up the hair bulb?
Papilla combined with surrounding epidermal cells
What is the function of the hair bulb?
Site of hair shaft formation
What is a follicular unit?
A group of one to four hairs with an accompanying
neurovascular plexus, arrector pili muscle, and sebaceous
glands
What are the phases of hair growth?
● Anagen
● Catagen
● Telogen
What is the primary growth phase of the hair growth cycle?
Anagen phase
What are some infectious and inflammatory
causes of alopecia?
Dermatophytes, demodex folliculorum, foliculitis, secondary
syphilis, seborrheic dermatitis, psoriasis, pityriasis amiantacea
What is the most common cause of male baldness?
Androgenic alopecia
What hormone plays the most significant role in
androgenic alopecia?
Dihydrotestosterone
What is the most widely used classification system
for hair loss?
Norwood classification (stages I through VII)
What classification system is most commonly used
for grading female androgenic alopecia?
Ludwig classification (grades 1 through 3)
What is the mechanism of finasteride in the
treatment of hair loss?
5α-Reductase inhibitor; blocks the conversion of serum
testosterone into dihydrotestosterone
What is the most common topical medication
prescribed for alopecia?
Minoxidil. Treatment results in a lengthening of the anagen
phase and an increase in the blood supply to the follicle.
How long should balding patients use minoxidil
before they can expect to see noticeable results?
4 to 6 months
What hair qualities yield better results with hair
replacement surgery?
Hair color that matches skin color, coarse texture, high
density, curly
What is follicular unit extraction?
The process by which follicular units are harvested
individually as opposed to the strip method in which a strip
of scalp is removed and then cut into individual follicular
units
What are the advantages of follicular unit extraction?
Can be harvested from multiple different areas on the scalp.
A long postoperative scar is avoided compared with the
strip method of harvesting.
What is the difference between follicular unit micrografts and minigrafts?
Micrografting involves transplantation of one or two hair
follicles per unit used predominantly at the hair line,
whereas minigrafts are three or four hair follicles used to fill
in bulk areas.
After transplantation, what phase of hair growth will transplanted hair enter?
Telogen phase. Patients should be told to expect that the transplanted hairs will fall out, with regrowth occurring by 3
to 4 months.
Where is the donor strip of hair typically taken for hair transplantation?
Occipital region near the inion
What are the primary advantages of scalp flaps over hair transplantation?
Scalp flaps maintain the blood supply to hair follicles, thus
preventing them from entering the telogen phase; hair
continues to grow immediately after the procedure; hair
density is maximized with instantaneous results.
What is the Juri flap?
The Juri flap is an axial scalp flap based on the superficial
temporal artery that allows for the entire frontal hairline to
be covered with a single flap.
In the context of hair restoration treatments, what
is scalp reduction?
Scalp reduction is a technique that reduces the surface area of the balding scalp using serial excisions. Areas of balding are excised and closed primarily or with various local flaps.
Review the role of tissue expanders in hair restoration.
Tissue expanders do not increase the number of follicles but increase the distance between follicles to cover a larger surface area. Usually, they can be expanded by a factor of 2 without noticeable thinning.
