FPRS Brow and forehead lift

Question 1

What muscles of facial expression are responsible

for the horizontal rhytides of the glabella?

Answer 1

Procerus

Question 2

What two dissection planes are commonly used

during brow lift surgery?

Answer 2

● Subgaleal

● Subperiosteal

Question 3

What nonsurgical technique can be used for

browplasty?

Answer 3

Selectively paralyzing the temporal brow depressors (lateral
orbicularis muscle) with BOTOX type A which then allows
unopposed elevation of the frontalis muscle

Question 4

List the various surgical techniques used for brow

rejuvenation

Answer 4

Temporal lift; direct brow, midforehead, temporal exten-
sion of rhytidectomy incision; coronal, pretrichial/tricho-
phytic, endoscopic

Question 5

What anatomical structure lies between the intermediate temporal fascia and the deep temporal fascia?

Answer 5

Intermediate fat pad

Question 6

What surgical brow rejuvenation techniques involve subcutaneous tissue dissection?

Answer 6

Midforehead and direct brow

Question 7

What is the sentinel vein?

Answer 7

A zygomaticotemporal vessel encountered between the
deep temporal fascia and the temporoparietal fascia during
dissection in the temporal region during brow lift surgery. It
has been shown to point to the frontal branch of the facial
nerve as it courses through the temporoparietal fascia.

Question 8

What is the Pitanguy line?

Answer 8

A line that runs from the lobule to the lateral canthus. This
line crosses the zygoma roughly at the midpoint from the
helical root to the lateral canthus and approximates the
location of the frontal branch of the facial nerve.

Question 9

What is the aesthetic ideal for brow position in a

man?

Answer 9

Horizontal, resting on the superior orbital rim

Question 10

What is the aesthetic ideal for brow position in a

woman?

Answer 10

The brow should arc above the orbital rim with its highest

point centered over the lateral limbus.

Question 11

What incision placement strategy should be used

during midforehead brow-lift surgery?

Answer 11

Centering incisions over existing rhytids and selecting two

different vertical forehead creases to stagger the incisions

Question 12

What brow-lift surgery technique is best used in a

man with a receding hairline?

Answer 12

Midforehead

Question 13

Currently, what is the surgical technique of choice for correction of both brow ptosis and forehead and glabellar rhytids?

Answer 13

Endoscopic blepharoplasty

Question 14

What are contraindications to a coronal lift for

brow ptosis?

Answer 14

● High female hairline
● Male-pattern baldness
● Brow asymmetries

Question 15

In what percentage of patients will the supratrochlear or supraorbital nerves arise from a true foramen, putting them at risk for transection?

Answer 15

10 to 30%

Question 16

What muscle is considered the primary elevator of

the brow?

Answer 16

Frontalis

Question 17

The galea aponeurosis is contiguous with what

two other anatomical structures?

Answer 17

The SMAS of the face below and the temporoparietal fascia

(TPF) laterally.