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Medical Terminology > Fourth Lecture Exam > Flashcards

Fourth Lecture Exam Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Cortisol is a hormone with a _____ chemical structure

A

Steroid

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2
Q

The hormone that increases blood sodium levels by increasing the rate of sodium reabsorption from the kidney is ______

A

Aldosterone

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3
Q

Hyperthyroidism is associated with _________

A

Low tolerance for warm temperature

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4
Q

Dietary Iodine is important for the production of _____

A

Thyroxine

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5
Q

Insulin decreases blood glucose levels by stimulating _______

A

glycogenesis

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6
Q

Untreated diabetes mellitus normally leads to ________

A

acidosis and coma

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7
Q

The blood borne substance that directly stimulates the adrenal cortex to release its mineralocorticoid hormone is ______

A

Angiotensin II

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8
Q

ADH release is stimulated by eating /drinking ________

A

Salty food

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9
Q

The ______ secretions containing fructose and prostaglandins are added to the vas deferens as it joins the ejaculatory duct

A

Seminal vesicle

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10
Q

Human chronic gonadotrophin (HGC) _______

A

Stimulates the maternal ovary to continue steroid production

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11
Q

Estrogens are NOT produced by the _____ and rather by the _____ _____ _____

A

trophoblast

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12
Q

The last electron carrier enzyme in the Electron Transport system transfers its electrons to ______

A

oxygen and H+

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13
Q

Freely Movable joints are referred to as _____ joints

A

diarthrotic

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14
Q

the target gland for corticotrophin releasing hormone (CRH) is the ______ ______

A

anterior pituitary

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15
Q

In reactions involved with the metabolism of glucose, the citric acid cycle _______

A

has the highest yield of electrons

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16
Q

Liver enzymes are able to convert amino acids to glucose in the process called _______

A

gluconeogenesis

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17
Q

Steroid hormones ______

A

act by entering the nucleus of the target cells

18
Q

The hormone calcitonin lowers blood calcium levels by stimulating calcium uptake in bone tissue T or F

A

True

19
Q

A goiter is an enlargement of the thyroid gland that can occur in both hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism T or F

A

True

20
Q

The sympathetic nervous system causes release of hormones from the adrenal medulla T or F

A

True

21
Q

A hyperfunctioning adrenal cortex could lead to loss of important structural proteins in body tissues T or F

A

True

22
Q

ADH makes nephron collecting ducts LESS permeable to water T or F

A

False

23
Q

If levels of follicle hormones are sustained at elevated levels during the follicular phase of the ovary, ovulation will not occur T or F

A

True

24
Q

After puberty, the anterior pituitary no longer produces GH (growth hormones) T or F

A

False

25
Q

The onset of fever is characterized by increased sweating T or F

A

False

26
Q

Testosterone produced by the male fetus is necessary for the normal fetal development of male reproductive organs T or F

A

True

27
Q

Uterine contractions are stimulated by both oxytocin and progesterone T or F

A

False

28
Q

FSH stimulates the maturation of ovarian follicles, the source of estrogen before ovulation T or F

A

True

29
Q

High cortisol levels result in the release of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) T or F

A

False

30
Q

Fast twitch white muscle fibers have additional mitochondria, an important adaptation for endurance types of exercise T or F

A

False

31
Q

The hormone prolactin causes milk ejection form breast tissue T or F

A

False

32
Q

Normally more heat exchange occurs by conduction than by radiation T or F

A

False

33
Q

Location of the corpus luteum

A

Ovary

34
Q

Has erectile tissue like that in the penis

A

Clitoris

35
Q

The fertilized ovum spends its first four days here

A

Uterine Tissue

36
Q

Has Bartholin’s glands that secrete mucus

A
37
Q

Goes through proliferative and secretory phases

A

Uterus

38
Q

Hormone normally released at meal time

A

Insulin

39
Q

Potent vasoconstrictor hormone

A

Norepinephrine

40
Q

Causes release of glucose from liver

A

Cortisol

41
Q

Chronic excess could lead to spontaneous bone fracture

A

Parathyroid Hormone

42
Q

Represents 80% of the hormone produced in the adrenal medulla

A

Epinephrine

Medical Terminology (8 decks)

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