Foundations of Exercise Physiology Flashcards
What is an anabolic reaction?
Joining of smaller molecules into larger molecules
Name 4 types of tissues
Epithelial
Connective
Muscular
Nervous
What is a catabolic reaction?
Breakdown of larger molecules into smaller molecules
What is hyperplasia?
Building of new cells
What is hypertrophy?
When the cell gets bigger
What is accretion?
More layers within a structure (more stuff inside)
Name the 6 basic life processes
Metabolism
Responsiveness
Growth
Differentiation
Movement
Reproduction
What is mass?
The amount of matter in an object
What is mass measured in?
grams/kilograms
What is weight?
The sum of mass and the gravitational pull of the earth
What is weight measured in?
Newtons
What is density?
The mass per unit of material substance
What is the equation for density?
mass/volume
What is density measured in?
g/cm3
What is inertia?
The resistance to movement that is proportional to the mass
Name 1 major element in the body?
Oxygen
Name 1 lesser element in the body?
Calcium
Name 1 trace element in the body
Magnesium
What is an isotope?
An atom with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons
What is a molecule?
When 2 or more atoms bond together chemically - the atoms can be the same (diatomic) or different (polyatomic)
What is a compound?
A type of molecule that consists of 2 or more different elements bonded together covalently or ionically
What is an anion?
An ion with a negative charge
What is a cation?
An ion with a positive charge
What is a free radical?
An uncharged molecule having an unpaired valency electron (which is a single electron or two or more electrons in the outer shell of an atom that can participate in the formation of the chemical bond)
What is a hypertonic solution?
A solution that contains a higher concentration of solutes compared to water, meaning water will move in
What is a hypotonic solution?
A solution that contains a higher concentration of water compared to solutes, meaning water will move out
What is an isotonic solution?
A solution that has an equal salt concentration
