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ap classes > foundational docs + landmark cases > Flashcards

foundational docs + landmark cases Flashcards

gov

1
Q

Article I

A

Legislative: congress

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2
Q

Article II

A

Executive

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3
Q

Article III

A

Judicial: supreme court

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4
Q

Article IV

A

States

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5
Q

Article V

A

Amendment process

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6
Q

Article VI

A

Supremacy Clause

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7
Q

Article VII

A

Ratification of the Constitution

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8
Q

Constitution mnemonic

A

Lazy Elephants Jump Slowly and Sit Regularly

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9
Q

How many Amendments?

A

27

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10
Q

1st Amendment?

A

…no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances

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11
Q

2nd Amendment?

A

“A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed”

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12
Q

4th Amendment?

A

No unreasonable searches

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13
Q

3rd Amendment?

A

No quartering soldiers

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14
Q

5th Amendment?

A

Don’t have to testify against yourself

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15
Q

6th Amendment?

A

Right to a speedy trial, attorney, and impartial jury in criminal prosecutions

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16
Q

7th Amendment?

A

For lawsuits, if the value if over $20, they have the right to a jury trial

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17
Q

8th Amendment?

A

No cruel and unusual punishment

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18
Q

9th Amendment?

A

Even unlisted citizen rights are protected, rights that are not listed left to interpretation

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19
Q

10th Amendment?

A

Powers not given to the feds are given to the states

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20
Q

13th Amendment?

A

No more slavery

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21
Q

14th Amendment?

A

“.No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without the due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws”

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22
Q

19th Amendment?

A

Women’s right to vote

23
Q

Brutus 1

A

A strong central government will be an “absolute and uncontrollable power” which will be a “destruction of liberty” and leave behind State’s rights

24
Q

Federalist 10

A

Large republic controls faction and and increases representation

25
Q

Federalist 51

A

three branch government structure to prevent tyranny: checks and balances

26
Q

Federalist 70

A

Pluralist executive is a bad idea. Need for a strong central SINGLE president

27
Q

Federalist 78

A

Federal courts have the right to check Congress for if they are following the Constitution. Judicial review truther

28
Q

Letter from Birmingham Jail

A

“Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere”

29
Q

National Bank establishment and States can’t tax Federal

A

McCullough v Maryland

30
Q

McCullough v Maryland mnemonic?

A

Mac beat Mary down Lough at the IRS

31
Q

Congress cannot establish Gun Free School Zones Act under Commerce Clause under the 10th Amendment

A

United States v Lopez

32
Q

Lopez what?

A

Lopez Gunz

33
Q

The Supreme Court can intervene in State’s appointment in order to enforce the Equal Protections Clause

A

Baker v Carr

34
Q

Who is Ba-Carr?

A

Ba-Carr is the civil rights pirate

35
Q

Districts can’t be drawn only based on race, no pure racial gerrymandering

A

Shaw v Reno

36
Q

What does Shaw the Rhino hate?

A

racial gerrymandering

37
Q

Judicial Review establishment and the role of SCOTUS

A

Marbury v Madison

38
Q

John Marshall’s favorite candy?

A

M&Ms

39
Q

Prayer in school over “captive audience” is not allowed

A

Engel v Vitale

40
Q

Angels had too much….

A

Vitality

41
Q

Freedom of individual over the interest of the state. School was in conflict of the Amish religion and can’t make them go to school past 8th grade

A

Wisconsin v Yoder

42
Q

Where do the Amish yodel?

A

Wisconsin

43
Q

1st Amendment means that students have a right to non disruptive political speech at school

A

Tinker v Des Moines

44
Q

Free speech is not absolute when it has a “clear and present danger” and the Espionage Act during WW1 was upheld

A

Schenck v United States

45
Q

Schenck the…?

A

Socialist!

46
Q

Bonus: Can’t repress free speech if it is not apparent that it would lead to “imminent lawless action”

A

Brandenburg v Ohio

47
Q

Government cannot partake in “prior restraint” and censor the press before they publish something, unless there is a big proven national security threat

A

New York Times v United States

48
Q

Bonus: Individual has a right to keep a firearm in their home regardless of militia status for self-defense in DC (federal)

A

District of Columbia v Heller

49
Q

An individual’s right to keep a firearm for self-defense in their home is extended down to State and local government

A

McDonald v Chicago

50
Q

Guarantee of council (public defenders) is a fundamental right as said by the 6th’s Amendment right to attorney

A

Gideon v Wainwright

51
Q

What did Gideon have?

A

a (wainw)right to an attorney

52
Q

Segregation was inherently unequal and violated the Equal Protection Clause

A

Brown v Board of Education Topeka

53
Q

Free Speech Clause does not allow the government to limit independent funds for political campaigns by corporations, nonprofit organizations, labor unions, and other associations

A

Citizens United v FEC

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