Foundation - The Lymphatic System Flashcards
Functions of the lymphatic system
2nd circulatory system essential for life
Supports 3 other systems in your body:
- Cardiovascular – unilaterally returning interstitial fluid (ISF) to the vascular system
- Immune – providing the environment that allows for initiation of an adaptive immune response
- Digestive – absorption of fat-soluble vitamins and fatty substance from the gastrointestinal tract
without lymphatic system
blood gets thicker
orgons swell
lymphatic system is parallel to
blood vessels
almost every microcapulary is intermixed with lympatic vessels (excpetion - BBB)
lymph - open system
blood - closed system
lymph from gut
chyle
milky because increased fat content
(contents of lymp changes with position in body)
lymph consolidates and drains back into
blood right before jugular (good place)
[function of the subclavian is to collect lymph fluid from the lymphatic system from the internal jugular vein.]
here and not aortia b/c high pressure at aorta would cause blood to go into lymph
jugular - low pressure
The fluid collected by the lymphatic vessels is called lymph and it contains
- Mostly molecules derived from blood - but NO red blood cells
- Immune cells
- Cholesterol, fatty acids, and other fat and large products
movement of lymph at microcapilaries
special endothelial cells - close and water (also PAMPs and DAMPs) builds up - causing pressure increase - valve opens and drains - water comes back in (how moves in absence of pump)
opposite side - blind ended - open
Lymphocytes (T and B cells) constantly ___
Innate immune cells (macrophages, neutrophils, etc.) constantly ___
move between the blood and the lymph
survey tissues
Lymph collects ALL sort of molecules from blood and tissues including ____
All of these come together at lymph nodes where ____
pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)
danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs)
Lymphocytes (T and B cells)
Innate immune cells (macrophages, neutrophils, etc.)
an adaptive response starts - activated
lymphocytes return to blood to target infection
lymph in blood is filtered by
node so (ex.) not spread bacteria
CNS lymphatics is imbedded
in dura matter - where large synuses vessles are
where B - menengial barrier is
In dura matter blood is
fenestrated
(Intradural vessels are leaky)
Direct mechanism of movement between layers (CSF, Dura matter) is
unknown
Indirect evidence indicate cells and large molecules do move between layers
How is CSF transported within the large cavity of the SAS?
SLYM (sub-arachnoid lymphatic-like membrane)
monolayer that covers the whole brain - separates areas
can only sample CSF on one side of the SLYM
SLYM (achronim) =
sub-arachnoid lymphatic-like membrane
SLYM is the
monolater dividing SAS
Phenotypically distinct from dura, arachnoid, and pia maters
Act as a barrier for molecules 3kDa and bigger
works with glymphatic system to organize SAS
how does the The glymphatic-lymphatic connection compartmentalize waste
waste cannot be removed (via sinus/ arachnoid villi) because of SLYM speration
waste on that side is then removed by lympatics - sampled for PAMPs and DAMPs
what regulates CSF to go to lymph
SLYM - waste compartmentalization
CSF/ISF constantly absorbed by ____ and monitored at _____
lymphatics and monitored at
cervical lymph nodes
if antigens are found at cervical lymph nodes
an immune response can be mounted
(antigens made because filter at nodes and SLYM ?)
SLYM can support the role of dural lymphatics in CNS immunity b/c
Act as an immune hub
- Closer to brain surfaces
- Large number of resident immune cells
- Can regulate influx of immune cells from dura/skull bone marrow
CNS lymphatic role in brain cancers
VEGF-C (Vascular endothelial growth factor C) promotes lymphogenesis - treat with - inc lymph vessiles and nodes
Increased lymphatics results in increased number of T cells and surveillance
inc. chance immune sees new/different protein expression in cancer cells - target cancer
